Shock

Question 1

types of shock

Answer 1

cariogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive, distributive, septic

Question 2

cardiogenic shock is a _____ problem

Answer 2

pump

Question 3

cardiogenic shock: inability of the heart to pump adequate blood to

Answer 3

tissues and end organs from any cause

Question 4

cardiogenic shock: causes

Answer 4

myocardial ischemia, MI, sustained arrhythmias, cardiac surgery, end stage cardiomyopathy, coronary artery diease

Question 5

cardiogenic shock: decrease in

Answer 5

cardiac output

Question 6

cardiogenic shock: increased myocardial requirements burden the

Answer 6

already failing heart

Question 7

cardiogenic shock: clinical mainfestations

Answer 7

chest pain, dyspnea, faintness, feelings of impeding doom, tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension, jugular venous distension, dysrhythmia, low measured cardiac output

Question 8

hypovolemic shock is a ________ problem

Answer 8

container

Question 9

hypovolemic shock: insufficient intravascular fluid

Answer 9

volume

Question 10

hypovolemic shock: loss of whole _______ (hemorrhage), blood _____ (burns), or extracellular fluid (vomitting-diarrhea-diuresis), fluid sequestration

Answer 10

blood, plasma

Question 11

hypovolemic shock: compensatori ________, increased systemic _______ _______ (SVR) and _________

Answer 11

vasoconstriction, vascular resistance, afterload

Question 12

if you just came into the hospital you could have

Answer 12

hypovolemic shock

Question 13

if you were given a med that you are allergic to

Answer 13

anaphylactic

Question 14

if you have had an infection for a long time

Answer 14

sepsis

Question 15

hypovolemic shock: manifestaions

Answer 15

increase in heart and respiratory rate, decrease in urine, decrease in BP, cool, clams, decreased mentation, restlessness and apprehension

Question 16

hypovolemic shock: treatment

Answer 16

correct underlying cause and restore volume with LR and or blood, pressers AFTER fluid if necessary

Question 17

obstruction shock

Answer 17

something is in the way

Question 18

obstruction shock: results from _________ obstruction of blood flow through central circulation

Answer 18

mechanical

Question 19

obstruction shock: examples

Answer 19

cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, atrial myxoma, pulmonary embolism

Question 20

obstruction shock: elevated ___ heart pressure and impaired _____ return, evaluated central venous pressure and ______ ____ ________

Answer 20

right, venous, jugular vein distension

Question 21

obstruction shock: treatment focuses on

Answer 21

underlying cause

Question 22

distributive shock is characterized by loss of _____ ____ tone, ______ of vascular compartment and __________

Answer 22

blood vessel, enlargement, displacemetn

Question 23

distributive shock: decrease in sympathetic control of vasomotor tone is what type of distributive shock

Answer 23

neurogenic

Question 24

3 types of distributive shock

Answer 24

neurogenic, anaphylactic, septic

Question 25

distributive shock: presence of vasodilator substances in blood is what type of shock

Answer 25

anaphylactic, septic

Question 26

causes of distributive neurogenic shock

Answer 26

decreased sympathetic activity
- brain or spine injury
- anesthetics

Question 27

causes of anaphylactic shock (distributive)

Answer 27

vasodilator substances in blood
- type 1 hypersensitivity

Question 28

causes of sepsis (distributive)

Answer 28

vasodilator substances in blood
- inflammatory response to infection

Question 29

sepsis: endotoxins themselves induce tissue damage by directly activating pathways including the release of vasodilation prostaglandins which imitates and promotes

Answer 29

widespread vasodilation

Question 30

definition of sepsis

Answer 30

life threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection