Shock Flashcards
types of shock
cariogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive, distributive, septic
cardiogenic shock is a _____ problem
pump
cardiogenic shock: inability of the heart to pump adequate blood to
tissues and end organs from any cause
cardiogenic shock: causes
myocardial ischemia, MI, sustained arrhythmias, cardiac surgery, end stage cardiomyopathy, coronary artery diease
cardiogenic shock: decrease in
cardiac output
cardiogenic shock: increased myocardial requirements burden the
already failing heart
cardiogenic shock: clinical mainfestations
chest pain, dyspnea, faintness, feelings of impeding doom, tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension, jugular venous distension, dysrhythmia, low measured cardiac output
hypovolemic shock is a ________ problem
container
hypovolemic shock: insufficient intravascular fluid
volume
hypovolemic shock: loss of whole _______ (hemorrhage), blood _____ (burns), or extracellular fluid (vomitting-diarrhea-diuresis), fluid sequestration
blood, plasma
hypovolemic shock: compensatori ________, increased systemic _______ _______ (SVR) and _________
vasoconstriction, vascular resistance, afterload
if you just came into the hospital you could have
hypovolemic shock
if you were given a med that you are allergic to
anaphylactic
if you have had an infection for a long time
sepsis
hypovolemic shock: manifestaions
increase in heart and respiratory rate, decrease in urine, decrease in BP, cool, clams, decreased mentation, restlessness and apprehension
hypovolemic shock: treatment
correct underlying cause and restore volume with LR and or blood, pressers AFTER fluid if necessary
obstruction shock
something is in the way
obstruction shock: results from _________ obstruction of blood flow through central circulation
mechanical
obstruction shock: examples
cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, atrial myxoma, pulmonary embolism
obstruction shock: elevated ___ heart pressure and impaired _____ return, evaluated central venous pressure and ______ ____ ________
right, venous, jugular vein distension
obstruction shock: treatment focuses on
underlying cause
distributive shock is characterized by loss of _____ ____ tone, ______ of vascular compartment and __________
blood vessel, enlargement, displacemetn
distributive shock: decrease in sympathetic control of vasomotor tone is what type of distributive shock
neurogenic
3 types of distributive shock
neurogenic, anaphylactic, septic
distributive shock: presence of vasodilator substances in blood is what type of shock
anaphylactic, septic
causes of distributive neurogenic shock
decreased sympathetic activity
- brain or spine injury
- anesthetics
causes of anaphylactic shock (distributive)
vasodilator substances in blood
- type 1 hypersensitivity
causes of sepsis (distributive)
vasodilator substances in blood
- inflammatory response to infection
sepsis: endotoxins themselves induce tissue damage by directly activating pathways including the release of vasodilation prostaglandins which imitates and promotes
widespread vasodilation
definition of sepsis
life threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection
