Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathophysiology > Chapter 29 > Flashcards

Chapter 29 Flashcards

1
Q

glottis

A

elongated opening between true vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

epiglottis

A

large left shaped cartilage, covers larynx during swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the right bronchi is

A

straighter and less angled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

lungs are active is __ exchange function

A

gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

lungs also inactivate _______ substances such as bradykinin

A

vasoactive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the lungs convert _________1 to _________2

A

angiotensin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

lungs serve as a reservoir for _______ storage

A

blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

________ producing cells are particularly abundant in the capillaries of the lung where small clots may be trapped

A

heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

type 1 alveolar cells are used for

A

gas exhange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

alveolar type II cells produce ______ which is a lipoprotein substance that decreases surface tension in alveoi

A

surfactant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pulmonary circulation provides for

A

gas exchange function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

bronchial circulation distributes blood

A

to conduction airways and supporting tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

bronchial circulation also ____ and ________

A

warms, humidifies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

precent of O2 in atomosphere

A

21

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

intrapleural pressure is always _______

A

negative (subatmospheric)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

forced expiration against a closed glottis is called

A

Valsalva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

valsalva compresses air in thoracic cavity and produces marked _______ in intrathoracic and intrapleural pressure

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the principle muscle of inspiration

A

diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the diaphragm is innervated by what nerve

A

phrenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

where does the phrenic nerve come from

A

C3-C5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

expiration is mainly ______

A

passive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

lung compliance

A

ease with which the lungs can be inflated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

lung compliance descrive the change in lung _______ that can be accomplished

A

volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

which diseases have DECREASE in compliance?

A

ARDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

which disease have INCREASED compliance?

A

Emphasema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

surfactant is secreted by what cells

A

type 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Poiseuille’s law states that resistance to flow is _______ related to the radius

A

inversely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

impact of bronchospasm and secretions can have a marked _______ in airway resistance

A

increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

COPD expiration tip

A

pursed lip breathing is good!

30
Q

dysmthya is

A

FEELING of not breathing

31
Q

vital capacity

A

breathing all the way in and out

32
Q

what device tells us the FEV1 and FEV2

A

peak flow meter

33
Q

FEV1 is

A

air forced out in first second

34
Q

FEV is equivalent to

A

vital capacity

35
Q

you use FEV to diagnosis

A

lung disease

36
Q

in normal FEV1 is ___L, when total is 5L

A

4

37
Q

in obstructive FEV1 is __L when total is 3L

A

1.2

38
Q

in restrictive FEV1 is __L when total is 3L

A

2.7

39
Q

deadspace

A

air not participating with gas exhange

40
Q

perfusion with out ventilation happens when there is a blockage stoping air or blood

A

air

41
Q

ventilation without perfusion happens when there us a blockage stopping air or blood

A

blood

42
Q

perfusion

A

ability to drive blood passed alveolar capillary bed

43
Q

some diseases that interrupt ventilation

A

drug overdose or lack of muscles

44
Q

match of ventilation to perfusion that ensures we have enough O2 and get rid of

A

CO2

45
Q

an example of ventilation without perfusion is

A

pulmonary embolism

46
Q

the issue with ventilation with out perfusion is

A

the lung sounds may be good

47
Q

shunt

A

perfusion without ventilation, unoxygenated blood returning to the left side of the heart

48
Q

shunting happens when the alveoli is

A

collapsed

49
Q

in shunting the perfusion is good or bad

A

good

50
Q

an example of a disease with shunting is

A

ARDS

51
Q

PO2 is measured dissolved or bound to hemoglobin

A

dissolved

52
Q

normal PO2 is

A

greater than 80

53
Q

normal oxyhemoglobin is

A

95-97%

54
Q

T/F: the relationship between PCO2 and pH is direct

A

F IT IS INDIRECT

55
Q

oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve

A

changes the affinity of oxygen to hemoglobin and affects how easily oxygen is released, shift to left and right

56
Q

hemoglobin is what kind of protein

A

enzyme

57
Q

pH and temp can ________ hemoglobin

A

denature

58
Q

a shift to the left causes the oxygen to be released faster or slower

A

faster

59
Q

a shift to the right causes the oxygen to be released faster or slower

A

slower

60
Q

an example of shift to the right is

A

cold

61
Q

which patient is more hypoxemic
Patient A: PO2 100mmHG, hemoglobin is 4
patient B: PO2 50mmHg, hemoglobin 12

A

patient a because they may have a goof PO2 but there is not a lot of hemoglobin to deliver oxygen to tissues

62
Q

control of breathing is influenced by

A

pons, medulla, chemoreceptors, lung receptors

63
Q

what interferes with cough reflex

A

disease conditions, bedrest, NG tube

64
Q

central chemoreceptors measure

A

PCO2 and pH

65
Q

peripheral chemoreceptors measure

A

Po2

66
Q

peripheral chemoreceptors measure

A

Po2

67
Q

where do central chemoreceptors measure PCO2 and pH

A

cerebrospinal fluid

68
Q

where do peripheral chemoreceptors measure PO2

A

arterial blood

69
Q

central chemoreceptors increase respiration when

A

PCO2 increases or pH decreases

70
Q

Peripheral chemoreceptors increase respiration when

A

PO2 <60mmHg

71
Q

if you have a COPD patient why do you not give them a lot of oxygen

A

because his body thought he was doing fine which leads to unconsciousness and increased CO2

72
Q

somethings that can increase respiratory rate

A

anxiety, medication, metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, pain, SHOCK

Pathophysiology (44 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions