Type of Wounds Flashcards
1
Q
abrasion
A
- an abrasion is a wound caused by a combination of friction and shear forces, typically over a rough surface, resulting in the scraping away of the skin’s superficial layers
2
Q
avulsion
A
- a soft tissue avulsion, sometimes referred to as degloving, is a serious wound resulting from tension that causes skin to become detached from underlying structures
3
Q
incisional wound
A
- most often associated with surgery and is created intentionally by means of a sharp object such as a scalpel or scissors
4
Q
laceration
A
- a wound or irregular tear of tissues often associated with trauma
- can result from shear, tension or high force compression with the resultant wound characteristics dependent on the mechanism of injury
5
Q
penetrating
A
- can result from various mechanisms of injury and is described as a wound that enters the interior of an organ or cavity
6
Q
puncture
A
- made by a sharp pointed object as it penetrates the skin and underlying tissues
- typically there is relatively little tissue damage beyond the wound tract, however the risks of contamination and infection can be significant
7
Q
skin tear
A
- often results from trauma to fragile skin such as bumping into an object, adhesive removal, shear or friction forces
- the severity of a skin tear can range from a flap-like tear, that may or may not remain viable, to full thickness tissue loss
8
Q
arterial insufficiency ulcer
A
- wounds resulting from arterial insufficiency occur secondary to inadequate circulation of oxygenated blood often due to complicating factors such as atherosclerosis
9
Q
arterial ulcer recommendations
A
- rest
- limb protection
- risk reduction education
- inspect legs and feet daily
- avoid unnecessary leg elevation
- avoid using heating pads or soaking feet in hot water
- wear appropriately sized shoes with clean, seamless socks
10
Q
venous insufficiency ulcers
A
- wounds resulting from venous insufficiency occur secondary to impaired functioning of the venous system resulting in inadequate circulation and eventual tissue damage and ulceration
11
Q
venous ulcers recommendations
A
- limb protection
- risk reduction education
- inspect legs and feet daily
- compression to control edema
- elevate legs above the heart when resting or sleeping
- attempt active exercise including frequent range of motion
- wear appropriately sized shoes with clean, seamless socks
12
Q
neuropathic ulcers
A
- a secondary complication usually associated with a combination of ischemia and neuropathy
- often associated with diabetes, however any form of peripheral neuropathy poses an increased risk of wound development
13
Q
neuropathic ulcers recommendations
A
- limb protection
- risk reduction education
- inspect legs and feet daily
- inspect footwear for debris prior to donning
- wear appropriately sized off-loading footwear with clean, cushioned, seamless socks
14
Q
pressure ulcers
A
- referred to as decubitus ulcers , result from sustained or prolonged pressure on tissue at levels greater than that of capillary pressure
- skin covering bony prominences is particularly susceptible to localized ischemia and tissue necrosis due to pressure
- factors contributing to pressure ulcers include shearing forces, moisture, heat, friction, medications, muscle atrophy, malnutrition, and debilitating medical conditions
15
Q
pressure ulcer recommendations
A
- repositioning every two hours in bed
- management of excess moisture
- off-loading with pressure relieving devices
- inspect skin daily for signs of pressure damage
- limit shear, traction, and friction forces over fragile skin
