Respiration

Question 1

four parameters

Answer 1

rate- bpm
rhythm- regularity of inspirations and expirations
depth- refers to the volume of air exchanged with each breath
character- refers to the effort and sound produced during breathing

Question 2

Newborn RR

Answer 2

33-45

Question 3

1 year RR

Answer 3

25-35

Question 4

10 years RR

Answer 4

15-20

Question 5

adult RR

Answer 5

12-20

Question 6

Normal rhythm

Answer 6

inspiration is half as long as expiration

Question 7

COPD rhythm

Answer 7

I:E ratio reflects a longer expiration phase

Question 8

depth

Answer 8

character as deeper or shallower

Question 9

character

Answer 9

• normal breathing is quiet and effortless
• labored breathing is evident by the use of accessory muscles of respiration
• wheezes and crackles are abnormal sounds produced by changes in the airways

Question 10

apnea

Answer 10

absence of spontaneous breathing

Question 11

biot’s

Answer 11

irregular breathing; breaths vary in depth and rate wit hperiods of apnea, often associated with increased intracranial pressure or damage to the medulla

Question 12

bradypnea

Answer 12

slower than normal RR; < 12 breaths per min in adult; may be associated with neurologic or electrolyte disturbance, infection or high level of cardiorespiratory fitness

Question 13

cheyne-stokes

Answer 13

decreasing rate and depth of breathing with periods of apnea; can occur due to central nervous system damage

Question 14

eupnea

Answer 14

normal rate and deep breathing

Question 15

hyperpnea

Answer 15

increase rate and depth of breathing

Question 16

hypopnea

Answer 16

decreased rate and depth of breathing

Question 17

kussmauls

Answer 17

deep and fast breathing; often associated with metabolic acidosis

Question 18

paradoxical

Answer 18

chest wall moves in with inhalation and out with exhalation; due to chest trauma or paralysis of teh diaphragm

Question 19

tachypnea

Answer 19

faster than normal respiratory rate; > 20 breaths per minute in adults