Arterial Blood Gases

Question 1

ABG’s

Answer 1

• collected to evaluate acid-base status (pH), ventilation (PaCO2), and oxygenation of arterial blood (PaO2)

Question 2

PaO2 and SaO2 meaning

Answer 2

provide info on how lungs are functioning to oxygenate blood

Question 3

PaCO2 meaning

Answer 3

provides info on how well the lungs are able to remove carbon dioxide
- changed directly affect the balance of pH in the body

Question 4

Blood pH meaning

Answer 4

rightly regulated

- an imbalance in either direction can affect the nervous system and can cause convulsions or coma

Question 5

bicarbonate meaning

Answer 5

• keeps blood from becoming too acidic or basic

Question 6

pH norm

Answer 6

7.4 (7.35-7.45)

Question 7

PaCO2 norm

Answer 7

40 mmHg at sea level (35-45 mmHg)

Question 8

PaO2 norm

Answer 8

97 mmHg at sea level (80-100 mmHg)

Question 9

HCO3- norm

Answer 9

24 mEq/L (22-26 mEq/L)

Question 10

SaO2

Answer 10

95-98%

Question 11

order to read ABG results

Answer 11

pH/PaCO2/PaO2/HCO3-

Question 12

acidemia

Answer 12

elevated acidity of blood (<7.35)

Question 13

alkalemia

Answer 13

decreased acidity of blood (>7.45)

Question 14

eucapnia

Answer 14

normal level of CO2 in arterial blood

Question 15

hypocapnia

Answer 15

low level of CO2 in arterial blood

Question 16

hypoxemia

Answer 16

low level of O2 in arterial blood (<80mmHg)

Question 17

mild hypoxemia

Answer 17

PaO2 60-79 mmHg

SaO2 90-95%

Question 18

Moderate hypoxemia

Answer 18

PaO2 40-59 mmHg

SaO2 60-90%

Question 19

Severe hypoxemia

Answer 19

PaO2 <40 mmHg

SaO2 <60%

Question 20

hypoxia

Answer 20

low level of O2 in the tissue despite adequate perfusion of the tissue

Question 21

pH < 7.4

Answer 21

acidosis

Question 22

pH > 7.4

Answer 22

alkalosis

Question 23

PaCO2 of 35-45 mmHg

Answer 23

no respiratory problem

Question 24

PaCO2 <30 mmHg

Answer 24

alveolar hyperventilation

Question 25

PaCO2 >50 mmHg

Answer 25

alveolar hypoventilation, ventilatory failure

Question 26

PaCO2 >45 AND pH <7.4

Answer 26

respiratory acidosis

Question 27

PaCO2 >45 AND pH >7.4

Answer 27

retention of CO2 to compensate for metabolic alkalosis

Question 28

PaCO2 <45 AND pH >7.4

Answer 28

respiratory alkalosis

Question 29

PaCO2 <45 AND pH <7.4

Answer 29

elimination of CO2 to compensate for metabolic acidosis

Question 30

HCO3- <22 AND pH <7.4

Answer 30

metabolic acidosis

Question 31

HCO3- <22 AND pH >7.4

Answer 31

renal compensation for a respiratory alkalosis

Question 32

HCO3- >22 AND pH >7.4

Answer 32

metabolic alkalosis

Question 33

HCO3- >22 AND pH <7.4

Answer 33

renal compensation for respiratory acidosis