Breath Sounds

Question 1

normal breath sounds

Answer 1

• tracheal and bronchial sounds

- vesicular breath sounds

Question 2

tracheal and bronchial sounds

Answer 2

• loud, tubular sounds normally heard over the trachea
• inspiratory phase is shorter than expiratory phase and there is slight pause between them
• bronchial sounds heard over distal airways are abnormal and represent consolidation or compression of lung tissue that facilitates transmission of sound

Question 3

vesicular breath sounds

Answer 3

• high pitched, breezy sounds normally heard over the distal airways in healthy lung tissue
• inspiratory phase is longer than expiratory phase and there is no pause between them

Question 4

abnormal breath sounds

Answer 4

crackle
pleural friction rub
rhonchi
stridor
wheeze
bronchial breath sounds
decreased or diminished sounds
absent breath sounds

Question 5

Crackle

Answer 5

• discontinuous, high-pitched popping sound heard more often during inspiration
• represents the movement of fluid or secretions during inspirations (wet) or from sudden opening of closed airways (dry)
• crackles that occur during latter half of inspiration typically represent atelectasis, fibrosis, pulmonary edema, or pleural effusion
• crackle due to movement of secretions are usually low-pitched and can be heard during inspiration and expiration like the sound of hairs being rubbed
• pulmonary edema may produce fine crackles as air bubbles
• often heard in the bases of lungs with interstitial lung disease, atelectasis, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, or pulmonary edema

Question 6

pleural friction rub

Answer 6

• dry crackling sound heard during both inspiration and expiration
• occurs when inflamed visceral and parietal pleurae rub together
• heard over the spot where the patient feels pleuritic pain

Question 7

Rhonchi

Answer 7

• continuous low-pitched sounds (snoring, gurgling) quality that may be heard during both inspiration and expiration
• caused by air passing through an airway which is obstructed by inflammatory secretions or liquid, bronchial spasm, or neoplasms in the smaller (sibilant rhonchi) or larger (sonorous rhonchi) airways

Question 8

stridor

Answer 8

continuous high-pitched wheeze heard with inspiration or expiration
- indicates upper airway obstruction

Question 9

wheeze

Answer 9

• continuous musical or whistling sound composed of a variety of pitches
• head during both inspiration and/or expiration
• arise from turbulent airflow and the vibrations of the walls of small airways due to narrowing by bronchospasm, edema, collapse, secretions, neoplasm, or foreign body

Question 10

bronchial breath sounds

Answer 10

• pneumonia may produce these

Question 11

decreased or diminished sounds

Answer 11

• less audible sound may indicate severe congestion, emphysema or hypoventilation

Question 12

absent breath sound

Answer 12

• may indicate pneumothorax or lung collapse

Question 13

normal voice sounds

Answer 13

• sounds are usually muffled

- increase in loudness and distinctiness indicate consolidation, atelectasis, fibrosis

Question 14

bronchophony

Answer 14

• increased vocal resonance with greater clarity and loudness of spoken words (99)

Question 15

egophony

Answer 15

the spoken long E sound changes to a long nasal sounding A

Question 16

whispered pectoriloquy

Answer 16

recognition of whispered words