Burn Types and Classification Flashcards
1
Q
thermal burn
A
- caused by conduction or convection
- contact with hot liquid, fire, or steam
2
Q
electrical burn
A
- caused by the passage of electrical current through the body
- usually has a entrance and an exit wound
- complications include cardiac arrhythmias, respiratory arrest, renal failure, neurological damage, and fractures,
- example is lightening strike
3
Q
chemical burn
A
- certain chemical compounds come in contact with the body
- reaction with continue until the chemical compound is diluted at the site of contact
- examples are sulfuric acid, lye, hydrochloric acid, and gasoline
4
Q
radiation burn
A
- exposure to beam radiation therapy
- DNA is altered in exposed tissues and ischemic injury may be irreversible
- complications may include severe blistering and desquamation, non-healing wounds, tissue fibrosis, permanent discoloration, and new malignancies
5
Q
zone of coagulation
A
the area of the burn that received the most severe injury with irreversible cell damage
6
Q
zone of stasis
A
the area of less severe injury that possesses reversible damage the surrounds the zone of coagulation
7
Q
zone of hyperemia
A
area surrounding the zone of stasis that presents with inflammation, but will fully recover without any intervention or permanent damage
8
Q
superficial burn
A
- involves only the outer epidermis
- may be red with slight edema
- healing occurs without peeling or evidence of scarring in two to five days
9
Q
superficial partial-thickness burn
A
- involves the epidermis and the upper portion of the dermis
- may be extremely painful and exhibit blisters
- healing occurs with minimal to no scarring in 5-21 days
10
Q
deep partial thickness burn
A
- involves complete destruction of the epidermis and the majority of the dermis
- involved area may appear to be discolored with broken blisters and edema
- damage to nerve endings may result in only moderate levels of pain
- hypertrophic or keloid scarring may occur
- in the absence of infection, healing will occur in 21 to 35 days
11
Q
Full-thickness burn
A
- involves complete destruction of the epidermis and dermis along with partial damage to the subcutaneous fat layers
- involved layer typically presents with eschar formation and minimal pain
- requires grafts and is susceptible to infection
- healing time varies with small areas healing in weeks and larger areas taking months
12
Q
subdermal burn
A
- involves the complete destruction of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue
- subdermal burns may involve muscle and bone and as a result requires surgical interventions and extensive healing times
13
Q
silver sulfadiazine advantages
A
- can be used with or without dressings
- painless
- can be applied directly to wound
- broad spectrum
- effective against yeast
14
Q
silver sulfadiazine disadvantages
A
- does not penetrate into eschar
15
Q
silver nitrate advantages
A
- broad spectrum
- non allergenic
- dressing application is painless
