Normal Development Flashcards
1
Q
Newborn to 1 month GMS
A
prone
- physiological flexion
- lifts head briefly
- head to side
supine
- physiological flexion
- rolls partly to side
sitting
- head lag in pull to sit
standing
- reflex standing and walking
2
Q
Newborn to 1 month FMS
A
- regards objects in direct line of sight
- follows moving object to midline
- hands fisted
- arm movements jerky
- movements may be purposeful or random
3
Q
2-3 months GMS
A
Prone
- lifts head 90 degrees briefly
- chest up in prone position with some weight through forearms
- rolls prone to supine
supine
- ATNR is strong
- legs kick reciprocally
- prefers head to side
sitting
- head upright, but bobbing
- variable head lag in pull to sitting position
- needs full support to sit
standing
- poor weight bearing
- hips in flexion, behind shoulders
4
Q
2-3 months FMS
A
- can see farther distances
- hands open more
- visually follows through 189 degrees
- grasp is reflexive
- uses palmar grasp
5
Q
4-5 months GMS
A
prone
- bears weight on extended arms
- pivots in prone to reach toys
supine
- rolls from supine to side position
- plays with feet to mouth
sitting
- head steady in supported sitting position
- turns head in sitting position
- sits alone for brief periods
standing
- bears all weight through legs in supported standing
6
Q
4-5 months FMS
A
- grasps and releases toys
- uses ulnar-palmar grasp
7
Q
6-7 months GMS
A
prone
- rolls from supine to prone position
- holds weight on one hand to reach for toy
supine
- lift head
sitting
- lifts head and helps when pulled to sitting position
- gets to sitting position without assistance
- sits independently
mobility
- may crawl backwards
8
Q
6-7 FMS
A
- approaches objects with one hand
- arm in neutral when approaching toy
- radial- palmar grasp
- “rakes” with finger to pick up small objects
- voluntary release to transfer objects between hands
9
Q
8-9 GMS
A
prone
- gets into hands-knees position
supine
- does not tolerate supine position
sitting
- moves from sitting to prone position
- sits without hand support for longer periods
- pivots in sitting position
standing
- stands at furniture
- pulls to stand at furniture
- lowers to sitting position from supported stand
mobility
- crawls forward
- walks along furniture (cruising)
10
Q
8-9 months FMS
A
- develops active supination
- radial-digital grasp develops- uses inferior pincer grasp
- extends wrist actively
- points with index finger
- pokes with index finger
- release of objects is more refined
- takes objects out of container
11
Q
10-11 months GMS
A
standing
- stands without support briefly
- pulls to stand using half-kneel intermediate position
- picks up object from floor from standing with support
mobility
- walks with both hands held
- walks with one hand held
- creeps on hands and feet (bear walk)
12
Q
10-11 months FMS
A
- fine pincer grasp developed
- puts objects into container
- grasps crayon adaptively
13
Q
12-15 month GMS
A
- walks without support
- fast walking
- walks sideways
- bends over to look between legs
- creeps over to look between legs
- creeps or hitches upstairs
- throws ball in sitting
14
Q
12-15 months FMS
A
- marks paper with crayon
- builds tower using two cubes
- turns over small container to obtain contents
15
Q
16-24 months GMS
A
- squats in play
- walks backward
- walking upstairs and downstairs with one hand held using both feet on step
- propels ride- on toys
- kicks ball
- throws ball
- throws ball forward
- picks up toy from floor without falling
16
Q
16-24 months FMS
A
- folds paper
- strings beads
- stacks six cubes
- imitates vertical and horizontal strokes with crayon on paper
- holds crayon with thumb and fingers
17
Q
2 years GMS
A
- rides tricycle
- walks on tiptoe
- runs on toes
- walks downstairs alternating feet
- catches large ball
- hops on one foot
18
Q
2 years FMS
A
- turns knob
- opens and closes jar
- able to button large buttons
- uses child-size scissors with help
- does 12-15 piece puzzles
- folds paper or clothes
19
Q
preschool age (3-4 years) GMS
A
- throws ball 10 feet
- walks on a line 10 feet
- hops 2-10 times on one foot
- jumps distances of up to two feet
- jumps over obstacles up to 12 inches
- throws and catches small ball
- runs fast and avoids obstacles
20
Q
preschool FMS
A
- controls crayons more effectively
- copies a circle or cross
- matches colors
- cuts with scissor
- draws recognizable human figures with head and two extremities
- draws squares
- may demonstrate hand preference
21
Q
5-8 year GMS
A
- skips on alternate feet
- gallops
- can play hopscotch, balance on one foot, controlled hopping, and squatting on on leg
- jumps with rhythm, control
- bounces large ball
- kicks ball with greater control
- limbs growing faster than trunk allowing greater speed
22
Q
5-8 year FMS
A
- hand preference is evident
- prints well, starting to learn cursive writing
- able to button small buttons
23
Q
9-12 years GMS
A
- mature patterns of movement in throwing, jumping, and running
- competition increases, enjoys competitive games
- improved balance, coordination, endurance, attention span
- boys may develop preadolescent fat spurt
- girls may develop prepubescent and pubescent changes in body shape
24
Q
9-12 years FMS
A
- develops greater control in hand usage
- learns to draw
- handwriting is developed
25
13 + GMS
- rapid growth in size and strength, boys>girls
- puberty leads to changes in body proportions, COG rises toward shoulders in boys, hips in girls
- balance and coordination skills, eye-hand coordination, endurance may plateau during growth spurt
26
13+ FMS
- develops greater dexterity in fingers for fine tasks
