Lab values Flashcards

1
Q

cardiac biomarkers

A
  • measure the levels of creatine phosphokinase (CK) and protein toponin in the blood
  • CK-MB appears in blood 4 hours after infarction, peaks at 12-24 hours, and declines over 48-72 hours
  • cardiac troponin-I is also a specific marker for infarction and unlike CK-MB, it remains elevated for 5-7 days
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2
Q

cholesterol test

A
  • measures the amount of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood in order to determine the risk of atherosclerosis
  • HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides
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3
Q

HDL

A
  • good cholesterol

- helps carry away LDL cholesterol and is protective against atherogenesis

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4
Q

LDL

A
  • bad cholesterol

- associated with the buildup of fatty plaques within the arteries which reduce blood flow

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5
Q

triglycerides

A
  • high levels are seen in overweight people, in those consuming too many sweets or too much alcohol an in people with diabetes whoe have elevated blood sugar levels
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6
Q

complete blood count

A
  • red blood count
  • total white blood cell count
  • white blood cell differential
  • hemoglobin
  • hematocrit
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7
Q

hematocrit

A
  • the percentage of red blood cells in total blood volume
  • low hematocrit may indicate anemia, blood loss, and vitamin or mineral deficiencies
  • high hematocrit may indicate dehydration or polycythemia vera, a condition that causes overproduction of red blood cells
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8
Q

erythrocytes norms

A

male: 4.3-5.6 x 10^12 L
female: 4.0-5.2 x 10^12 L

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9
Q

Leukocytes norm

A

3.54-9.06 x 10^9 L

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10
Q

neutrophil norms

A

40-70%

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11
Q

lymphocytes norms

A

20-50%

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12
Q

monocytes norms

A

4-8%

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13
Q

eosinophils norms

A

0-6%

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14
Q

basophils norms

A

0-2%

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15
Q

Platelet count norm

A

165-415 x 10^9/L

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16
Q

PTT norms

A

26.3-39.4 sec

17
Q

hematocrit norms

A

male: 38.8-46.4%
female: 35.4-44.4%

18
Q

hemoglobin norms

A

male: 13.3-16.2 g/dL
female: 12.0-15.8 g/dL

19
Q

total cholesterol

A

desirable: <5..17
borderline: 5.17-6.2
high: > 6.21

20
Q

LDL norms

A
optimal: <2.59
near optimal: 2.59-3.35
borderline: 3.36-4.12
high: 4.13-4.90
very high: > 4.91
21
Q

HDL

A

low: < 1.03
High: > 1.55

22
Q

triglyceride

A

desirable: <1.7
borderline: 1.7-2.25
high: 2.26-5.63
very high: >5.64

23
Q

PT and PTT

A
  • test how quickly blood clots

- PTT is more sensitive than PT in detecting minor deficiencies