MSK Pharmacologic Flashcards
1
Q
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARD) Action
A
- slow or halt the progression of rheumatic disease
- used early during the disease process to slow progression prior to widespread damage of the affected joints
- induce remission by modifying the pathology and inhibiting the immune response responsible for rheumatic disease
2
Q
DMARD indications
A
- rheumatic disease, preferably during early treatment
3
Q
DMARD side effects
A
nausea headache joint pain and swelling toxicity GI distress sore throat fever liver dysfunction hair loss potential for sepsis retinal damage
4
Q
DMARD Implications for PT
A
therapists should recognize that many of the agents have high incidence of toxicity
5
Q
Glucocorticoid agents (corticosteroids) action
A
- provide hormonal, anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects including suppression of articular and systemic diseases
- reduce inflammation in chronic conditions that can damage healthy tissue
- vasoconstriction results from stabilizing lysosomal membranes and enhancing the effects of catecholamines
6
Q
Corticosteroids indications
A
- replacement therapy for endocrine dysfunction, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects; treatment of rheumatic, respiratory, and other disorders
7
Q
Corticosteroids side effects
A
muscle atrophy GI distress glaucoma adrenocortical suppression drug-induced Cushing's syndrome weakening with breakdown of supporting tissues mood changes hypertension
8
Q
corticosteroids implications for PT
A
- must wear mask when working with patients on glucocorticoid therapy since their immune system is weakened
- must be aware of signs of toxicity such as moon face, buffalo hump. and personality changes
- patients are at risk for osteoporosis and muscle wasting
- joint that has been injected will need extra care due to laxity or weakening
9
Q
Nonopiod agents actions
A
- provide analgesia and pain relief, produce anti-inflammatory effects, and initiate anti-pyretic (reduces fever)
- promote reduction of prostaglandin formation that decreases the inflammatory process, decreases uterine contractions, lowers fever, and minimizes impulse formation of pain fibers
10
Q
nonopiod indications
A
- mild to mod pain, fever, muscle ache, inflammation. primary dysmenorrhea, reduction of risk of myocardial infarction
11
Q
nonopiod side effects
A
nausea vomiting vertigo abdominal pain GI distress or bleeding ulcer formation potential for Reye syndrome in children
12
Q
nonopiod implications for PT
A
- patients are at increased risk for masked pain that would allow for movement beyond limitation or false understanding of their level of mobility
- complaints of stomach pain should be taken seriously
13
Q
opiods (narcotics)
A
- provide analgesia for acute severe pain
- stimulates opiod receptors within the CNS to prevent pain impulses from reaching their destination
14
Q
Narcotics indications
A
- mod to severe pain of various origins
- induction of conscious sedation to a diagnostic procedure
- management of opiod dependence
- relief of severe and persistent cough
15
Q
narcotics side effects
A
mood swings sedation confusion vertigo dulled cognitive function orthostatic hypotension constipation incoordination physical dependence tolerance
