Trauma

Question 1

Why is the ED frequently used for nonurgent problems

Answer 1

many lack access to health care

Question 2

Multiple trauma

Answer 2

caused by a single catastrophic event that causes life-threatening injures to at least 2 distinct organs/organ systems

Question 3

What is the triad of death

Answer 3

hypothermia, acidosis, coagulopathy

Question 4

What do you need to assume until proven otherwise

Answer 4

spinal cord injury

Question 5

Why are changing trends in vital signs/hemodynamic readings important

Answer 5

large changes, even to “normal” most likely mean something is wrong

Question 6

blunt trauma

Answer 6

traumatic injury where there is tissue deformation without interruption of the skin integrity

Question 7

Why are blunt traumas hard to treat

Answer 7

it is difficult to identify the extent of damage because symptoms may be generalized or vague

Question 8

Penetrating trauma

Answer 8

injury sustained by transmission of energy to body tissues from a moving object that interrupts the skin and tissue integrity

Question 9

What can abdominal trauma cause that is life-threatening

Answer 9

massive blood loss into the abdominal cavity

Question 10

When is referred pain seen

Answer 10

trauma to the spleen, liver, intraperitoneal area

Question 11

What to do if internal organs are protruding

Answer 11

cover with a sterile, moist, saline dressing

Question 12

Crush injuries

Answer 12

when a person is stuck between two opposing forces

Question 13

What needs to be assessed for with crush injuries

Answer 13

hypovolemic shock, spinal cord injury, internal bleeding, rabdomyolysis

Question 14

What to do with a pulseless extremity with a fracture

Answer 14

reposition for proper alignment

Question 15

What is the most dangerous fracture

Answer 15

femur due to proximity with femoral artery

Question 16

Manifestations of heat stroke

Answer 16

CNS dysfunction, anhidrosis, elevated body temperature, hot and dry skin, tachypnea, hypotension, tachycardia

Question 17

Manifestations of frostbite

Answer 17

hard and cold extremities, insensitive to touch, white or mottled appearance

Question 18

What should not be done in the care of a patient with frostbite

Answer 18

massaging or handling of extremities, patient should not use any affected extremities

Question 19

Internal core temperature of a patient with frostbite

Answer 19

35(95) or less

Question 20

What should be treated first in a patient with frostbite

Answer 20

hypothermia

Question 21

Why are cardiac dysrhythmias and electrolyte disturbances a possibility with frostbite patients

Answer 21

cold blood returning from extremities has high levels of lactic acid

Question 22

What should not be done in a patient who ingested a poison

Answer 22

induction of vomiting because it can destruct tissues on the way up

Question 23

What are the first things that should be done with a chemical burn

Answer 23

remove burn from skin, flush skin with running water