Fetal Assessment

Question 1

Doppler flow studies

Answer 1

uses sound waves to examine the flow of blood and blood vessels

Question 2

Alpha-fetoprotein

Answer 2

glycoprotein produced initially by the yolk sac and fetal gut, and later predominately by the fetal liver

Question 3

AFP in normal pregnancies

Answer 3

AFP from fetal serum enters amniotic fluid, can be detected in maternal serum at 12 to 14 weeks

Question 4

What do low levels of AFP suspect

Answer 4

Trisomy 18 and 21

Question 5

What do high levels of AFP suspect

Answer 5

open neural tube defects

Question 6

Nuchal translucency screening

Answer 6

between 11 to 14 weeks, allowing for early detection and diagnosis of some fetal chromosomal and structural abnormalities

Question 7

What does increased nuchal translucency mean

Answer 7

increased chromosomal abnormalities

Question 8

Aminocentesis

Answer 8

transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac to test for chromosomal abnormalities and several hereditary metabolic defects in the fetus

Question 9

When is an amniocentesis performed

Answer 9

during the 2nd trimester

Question 10

Nonstress test

Answer 10

indirect measurement of uteroplacental function, normal fetus produces characteristic fetal heart rate patterns in response to fetal movement

Question 11

Healthy fetus finds in a nonstress test

Answer 11

acceleration of heart rate with fetal movement

Question 12

NST procedure

Answer 12

mother eats a snack or meal to stimulate fetal activity, moms are placed in left recumbent position

Question 13

Reactive NST procedure

Answer 13

2 fetal heart rate accelerations from baseline of at least 15bmp for at least 15 seconds within 20 minutes of recording

Question 14

Nonreactive NST procedure

Answer 14

<2 fetal accelerations after 40 minutes

Question 15

Biophysical profile

Answer 15

testing of fetal breathing, body movements, tone, heart rate, and amniotic fluid level

Question 16

Healthy BPP fetal breathing finding

Answer 16

1 or more fetal breathing movements of more than 30 seconds

Question 17

Healthy BPP fetal body movement finding

Answer 17

three or more discrete limb or trunk movements

Question 18

Healthy BPP fetal tone finding

Answer 18

1 or more instances of full extension and flexion of the limb or trunk

Question 19

Healthy BPP amniotic fluid finding

Answer 19

1 or more pockets of fluid measuring 2cm

Question 20

Healthy BPP score

Answer 20

8-10