Intracranial Regulation - Peds Flashcards
Intracranial regulation
compensatory mechanism to maintain pressure equilibrium to ensure neurologic function
What can neurological disorders can occur from
congenital problems, infections, trauma
When does the CNS develop
first 4 weeks of gestation
When are cranial bones fully developed and fused
5 years old
What does early fusion of cranial bones lead to
altered intracranial regulation
What does the high vascularity of the brain increase
potential hemorrhage risk
What is an early sign of brain growth problems
abnormal closure of fontanels
Risk factors for altered IR
prematurity, difficult brain, maternal infection/drug/alcohol use, family history of neurological disorders, trauma
Big 3 signs of increased ICP
headache/irritability, vomiting, lethargy/somnolence
What is the first indicator of a better or worsening IR
changes in LOC
What vital sign changes are expected with increased ICP
bradycardia, hypertension
Decorticate posturing
cerebral cortex damage
Decerebrate posturing
brain stem damage
Early signs of increased ICP
headache, vomiting, change in vision, dizziness, bradycardia, HTN, bradypnea, changes in LOC, irritability, seizures, bulging fontanels, dilated scalp veins, sunset eyes
Late signs of increased ICP
decreased LOC, diminished motor/sensory responses, bradycardia, irregular breathing (cheyne stokes), fixed and dilated pupils, posturing
