Myocardial Infarction Flashcards
MI
sustained ischemia causing irreversible cell death
What is the most common cause
thrombus formation
What determines the effect on CO
the degree of damage to myocardium walls
s/s
chest pain >20 minutes, crushing pain, chest heaviness, feeling of doom, jaw/shoulder/epigastric pain, fatigue, N/V, SOB
Initial management
12 lead EKG, nonenteric coated aspirin, oxygen, get IV access to pull cardiac marker labs
Why is oxygen used as treatment
to increase oxygen getting to ischemic myocardium
Why is aspirin used as treatment
to diminish platelet aggregation
Nitroglycerin
fast acting vasodilator to decrease preload, afterload, and myocardial demand
Morphine
vasodilator to decrease workload, 204mg Q5min
Heparin (IV)
slows down clotting process, monitor platelets and PTT, initial bolus with continuous rate
Diagnostic tests
exercise stress test and pharmacological stress test to look for altered myocardial tissue perfusion
Restorative interventions
thrombolytic therapy, fibrinolytic system activation, reperfusion
