Hydrocephalus Flashcards

1
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

a result of other neurological disorders, build-up of CSF in the ventricles

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2
Q

Obstructive hydrocephalus

A

CSF flow is blocked within the ventricles impeding CSF flow

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3
Q

What type of hydrocephalus is most common and noncommunicating

A

obstructive

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4
Q

Non-obstructing hydrocephalus

A

CSF is blocked after leaving the ventricles resulting in abnormal/defective CSF absorption

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5
Q

What type of hydrocephalus is communicating

A

non-obstructing

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6
Q

Pathophysiology

A

imbalance in CSF production and absorption leading to altered cranial regulation

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7
Q

What is hydrocephalus caused by

A

ventricular system obstruction of loss/malfunction of arachnoid villi that absorb CSF

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8
Q

Physical assessment

A

LOC, symmetry/size of the skull (rapid increase in circumference?), motor function (spasticity, reflexes), increased ICP, palpate fontanels, loss of development, personality changes

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9
Q

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt

A

ventricular catheter placed to allow CSF flow

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10
Q

When do VP shunt infections usually show

A

1-2 months

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11
Q

Treatment of infected VP shunts

A

treat with IV antibiotics, remove if infection is persistent

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12
Q

How do VP shunts malfunction

A

kinks, clogs, tube seperation

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13
Q

s/s of VP shunt infection and malfunction

A

same as increased ICP

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14
Q

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy

A

small perforation in the 3rd ventricle for CSF to brain to subarachnoid space

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15
Q

Ventricular tap

A

reduces excess CSF

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16
Q

External ventricular drainage device (EVD)

A

temporary drain for CSF through gravity and ICP

17
Q

Goal of interventions

A

maintain cerebral perfusion, minimize neurological complications, maintain adequate nutrition, promote growth and development, patient and family education and support