Perfusion - adults

Question 1

What is the gold standard for assessment of coronary arteries

Answer 1

cardiac catheterization

Question 2

What does cardiac catheterization measure

Answer 2

intracardiac pressures

Question 3

Assessment of cardiac output

Answer 3

heart rate, ventricular preload, contractility, afterload

Question 4

Cardiac markers

Answer 4

troponin, CK-MB, CK, CRP, BNP

Question 5

Troponin

Answer 5

heart muscle death

Question 6

CK-MB

Answer 6

released in MI

Question 7

CK

Answer 7

skeletal/brain related

Question 8

CRP

Answer 8

inflammation

Question 9

BNP

Answer 9

HF

Question 10

Nursing care for post closure device surgery

Answer 10

flat for 30 minutes, ambulation 4 hours after procedure

Question 11

Nursing care for post direct pressure closure

Answer 11

bedrest 6 hours with affected leg straight

Question 12

Frequent post surgery assessments

Answer 12

palpation of pedal pulses, observation for bleeding and edema, chest pain, hypotension

Question 13

Antiplatelets used

Answer 13

aspirin, clopidogrel

Question 14

What to report to provider during aspirin use

Answer 14

rash, GI upset, bleeding, blood in stool, abdominal pain

Question 15

What to report to provider during clopidogrel use

Answer 15

nosebleeds, blood in stool, blood in urine, coughing/vomiting up blood

Question 16

ACE inhibitor use

Answer 16

start in 24 hours, continued indefinitely

Question 17

how do angiotensin 2 receptor blockers

Answer 17

cause blood vessels to enlarge and reduce bp, block binding of angiotensin to muscles on blood vessels

Question 18

How do antidysrhythmic/arrhythmic work (calcium channel blockers)

Answer 18

reduce myocardial contractility, to slow conduction

Question 19

When to avoid antidysrhythmic/arrhythmic meds

Answer 19

HF, hypotension, sinus node dysfunction

Question 20

How does digoxin work

Answer 20

uses positive inotropes to strengthen the heart’s contractions (more blood in fewer pumps)

Question 21

When to hold digoxin

Answer 21

if pulse <60

Question 22

S/S of digoxin toxicity

Answer 22

confusion, irregular pulse, loss of appetite, N/V, diarrhea, tachycardia, vision changes