Perfusion - adults Flashcards
What is the gold standard for assessment of coronary arteries
cardiac catheterization
What does cardiac catheterization measure
intracardiac pressures
Assessment of cardiac output
heart rate, ventricular preload, contractility, afterload
Cardiac markers
troponin, CK-MB, CK, CRP, BNP
Troponin
heart muscle death
CK-MB
released in MI
CK
skeletal/brain related
CRP
inflammation
BNP
HF
Nursing care for post closure device surgery
flat for 30 minutes, ambulation 4 hours after procedure
Nursing care for post direct pressure closure
bedrest 6 hours with affected leg straight
Frequent post surgery assessments
palpation of pedal pulses, observation for bleeding and edema, chest pain, hypotension
Antiplatelets used
aspirin, clopidogrel
What to report to provider during aspirin use
rash, GI upset, bleeding, blood in stool, abdominal pain
What to report to provider during clopidogrel use
nosebleeds, blood in stool, blood in urine, coughing/vomiting up blood
ACE inhibitor use
start in 24 hours, continued indefinitely
how do angiotensin 2 receptor blockers
cause blood vessels to enlarge and reduce bp, block binding of angiotensin to muscles on blood vessels
How do antidysrhythmic/arrhythmic work (calcium channel blockers)
reduce myocardial contractility, to slow conduction
When to avoid antidysrhythmic/arrhythmic meds
HF, hypotension, sinus node dysfunction
How does digoxin work
uses positive inotropes to strengthen the heart’s contractions (more blood in fewer pumps)
When to hold digoxin
if pulse <60
S/S of digoxin toxicity
confusion, irregular pulse, loss of appetite, N/V, diarrhea, tachycardia, vision changes
