Tissues: Cell junctions, interactions, membranes

Question 1

What Is a tight junction?

Answer 1

Zipper-like interlocking conjunction between lateral sides of cells



Question 2

What protein in tight junctions?

Answer 2

Transmembrane proteins

Question 3

Function of tight junction

Answer 3

Blocks off intercellular space to keep things from passing between them; Impermeable

Question 4

Desmosomes Structure

Answer 4

Flailed like structure (like snap/button)

Question 5

Desmosomes protein

Answer 5

Linker proteins called cadherins

Question 6

Desmosomes function

Answer 6

Anchors cells to each other; keeps from pulling apart

Question 7

Gap junction

Answer 7

Channel that helps with communication between cells; direct line into adjoining cell

Question 8

Gap junction function

Answer 8

Huge role in stimulating cells simultaneously; Near instant communication

Question 9

Hemidesmosomes

Answer 9

Half of the desmosome button

Question 10

Hemi desmosomes where?

Answer 10

basal surface of cells

Question 11

Hemidesmosome function

Answer 11

Helps adhere cell to basement membrane

Question 12

Tissue Membranes: Epithelial or connective?

What do they do?

Answer 12

Can be Just epithelial or connective tissue or both;

Help coat and line different features of body; Keep it lubricated and in it’s own space

Question 13

Types of tissue membranes

Answer 13

Cutaneous
Serous
Mucosal

Question 14

Cutaneous membrane: what and where

Answer 14

Largest tissue membrane: skin

Epithelial layer and underlying connective tissue layer

Question 15

Serous membranes: Function and where?

Answer 15

Help with cushioning because of serous fluid

Along lining of some body cavities and outside of things like digestive track; membranes that surround heart and lungs

Question 16

Mucosal membranes: what and where

Answer 16

Line anything that has exposure to outside environment:
-Respiratory tract,
-digestive tract,
-reproductive tract,
-urinary tract

Question 17

Mucosal membrane structure

Answer 17

2 to 3 layers:
-Epithelial layer
-Connective tissue layer (areolar) Called lamina propria
– smooth muscle layer called muscularis mucosae

Question 18

Lamina propria

Answer 18

Areolar connective tissue layer In a mucosal membrane with collagen, elastic fibers, fibroblasts, and blood vessels

Question 19

Stem cells are important for:

Answer 19

Development, healing, and regeneration

Question 20

Undifferentiated cells

Answer 20

Have not been developed perform different function

Question 21

The farther along differentiation is stem cell goes…

Answer 21

The less likely that it can turn into another cell type

Question 22

Stages of stem cells:

Answer 22

1. Embryonic stem cells
   – Totipotent
   – Pluripotent
2. Adult stem cells
   – Multipotent
   – Unipotent

Question 23

Totipotent Embryonic stem cell

Answer 23

Can turn into any cell in the body including placenta and amniotic sac

Question 24

Pluripotent embryonic stem cell

Answer 24

Committed to only cells of embryo

Question 25

Multipotent adult stem cells

Answer 25

Can still turn into a variety of cells, but more specific and committed to different pathways:

Ex: Neural stem cells—> dif types ofNervous cells

Question 26

Unipotent adult stem cells

Answer 26

Precursor to fully mature cell
Limited, but ready to mature to regenerate when needed