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Anatomy and Physiology 1 > Muscles And nerves > Flashcards

Muscles And nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Frontalis

A

Raises eyebrows and wrinkles for head

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2
Q

Obicularis oculi

A

Closes Eye

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3
Q

obicularis oris

A

Closes lips; kissing and whistling

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4
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Flexes, tilts, and rotates head

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5
Q

Zygomaticus

A

Raises corners of mouth; smiling

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6
Q

Masseter

A

Elevates (closes) and protracts jaw as when chewing

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7
Q

Trapezius

A

Shoulder shrugs

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8
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

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9
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Flexes, adducts and medially rotates arm

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10
Q

External oblique

A

Lateral rotation of the vertebral column; twisting

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11
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Flexion of the vertebral column; sit ups

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12
Q

Deltoid

A

Abducts, flexes, and rotates arm

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13
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Extends forearm

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14
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Flexes forearm

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15
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Flexes arm

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16
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Extends fingers and hand

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17
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Extends hand

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18
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris 

A

Flexes hand

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19
Q

Palmaris longus

A

Flexes hand

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20
Q

Tensor fascia latae

A

Flexes, abducts, and rotates thigh

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21
Q

Adductor longus

A

Adducts, flexes, and rotates thigh

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22
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Extends, abducts, and rotates thigh

23
Q

Gracilis

A

Adducts thigh and flexes leg

24
Q

Sartorius

A

Crosses the leg

25
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Extends leg

26
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Extends leg

27
Q

Biceps femoris 

A

Extends thigh and flexes leg

28
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Flexes thigh and extends leg

29
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Dorsiflexion of the foot; inverts foot

30
Q

Fibularis longus

A

Plantar flexion of the foot; everts foot

31
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Plantar flexion of the foot; flexes leg

32
Q

What is a motor unit?

A

A motor neuron and all of the muscle cells it stimulates 

33
Q

What is meant by recruitment?

A

The stimulation of additional motor units for increased strength of contraction

34
Q

Why do some motor units only have a few muscle cells?

A

To generate precise movements

35
Q

The constant state of low level tension in a muscle is called

A

Muscle tone

36
Q

Muscle twitch

A

Contraction due to a single stimulus

37
Q

The three phases of muscle contraction

A
  1. Latent period
  2. Contraction
    3. Relaxation
38
Q

What occurs when a second contraction is added to the first before complete relaxation?

A

Temporal (wave) summation

39
Q

What occurs when stimulation is so Rapids at the contraction is smooth and continuous without any relaxation?

A

Complete (fused) tetanus

40
Q

What are the three factors that determine the strength of a muscle contraction?

A
  1. Frequency of stimulation
  2. Number of motor units recruited
  3. Degree of muscle stretch
41
Q

_________stretched Muscles have the strongest contractions

A

Moderately stretched

42
Q

Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

VIII
Sense of hearing and balance

43
Q

Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

IX
Sense of taste, secretion of saliva

44
Q

Vagus nerve

A

X
Contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle
Sensory reception of supplied visceral organs

45
Q

Accessory nerve

A

XII
Swallowing
Movement of head:
-Sternoclcleiomastoid & Trapezius
muscle

46
Q

Hypoglossal nerve

A

XII
Movement of tongue

47
Q

Olfactory nerve

A

I
Sense of smell

48
Q

Optic nerve

A

II
Sense of vision

49
Q

Oculomotor nerve

A

III
Superior, inferior, and medial movement of eye

50
Q

Trochlear nerve

A

IV
Movement of eye

51
Q

Trigeminal nerve

A

V
Sensation of pain, touch, temperature, chewing

52
Q

Abducens nerve

A

VI
Lateral movement of the eye

53
Q

Facial Nerve

A

VII
Facial expression,
secretion of saliva and tears,
sense of taste

Anatomy and Physiology 1 (45 decks)

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