Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology 1 > Ch 6: Integumentary system: Skin And Glands > Flashcards

Ch 6: Integumentary system: Skin And Glands Flashcards

1
Q

Integumentary system

A

System of tissues including:
Hair
Skin
Nails
Cutaneous glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The skin is the _____organ of the body

A

Largest 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Layers of the skin

A

Epidermidis (epithelial tissue)
Dermis (various connective tissue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Thick skin: where? Stratified corneum is____. What does it NOT have?

A

On palms and soles of feet
Stratified corneum is thick
No hair/oil glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Thin skin

A

Found everywhere else not palms or feet soles
Thin stratified corneum
Has sweat/hair/oil glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Six functions of the skin

A
  1. Resistance to trauma and infection
  2. Barrier to water
  3. Vitamin D synthesis
  4. Sensation
  5. Thermoregulation
  6. Nonverbal communication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Thermal regulation function simple

A

Retaining heat or heat loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Thermoregulation when hot:

A

-Sweat glands active
-Heat loss by evaporation
-Muscle relaxed; hairs lie on surface
-Blood vessels dilating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Thermoregulation when cold:

A

– Sweating reduced
– contraction of muscles cause hair to stand
– blood vessels constricting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Epidermidis is what kind of epithelium?

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Is epidermal vascular or avascular?

A

Avascular; receives nutrients and dispose of waste through interaction with dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Exfoliation

A

Sloughing off of top layer; rapid regeneration underneath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

6 Cell types of the epidermis

A

Living keratinocytes
Dead keratinocytes
Dendritic cells
Melanocytes
Stem cells
Tactile cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Living keratinocytes

A

Epidermal cells that produce keratin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dead keratinocytes

A

Contribute to keratin for protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dendritic cells

A

Immune cells; protect against pathogens – phagocytosis ones that try to break through barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Melanocytes

A

Synthesize melanin in deepest part of epidermidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Melanin

A

provide skin tone and help shield from UV radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stem cells

A

Undifferentiated; give rise to keratinocytes and continually repopulate amount of keratinocytes in our tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tactile cells

A

Touch receptors; Can since change in pressure and vibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Epidermal layers

A

Deep to superficial
1. Stratum Basale
2.  Stratum Spinosum
3. Stratum granulosum
4. Stratum lucidum (thick skin only)
5. Stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Stratum basale: what kind of cells and what happens?

A

Stem cells and early living keratinocytes; constant mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Stratum Spinosa

A

Thickest layer; layers of keratinocytes with sprinkles of dendritic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

Keratinocytes become granular cells which help with protection against water and prevent fluid loss

25
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

Only in thick skin
Additional layer under stratum corneum for extra padding

26
Q

Stratum corneum

A

Made of flat, dead, scaly, hard keratinicized Cells; durable for protection

27
Q

The dermis is made of _____.
Supplied with _______.
Base of_______.

A

Irregular dense connective tissue

Blood, nerves, cutaneous glands

Hair follicles and nail roots

28
Q

Layers of dermis:

A
  1. Papillary layer
  2. Reticular layer
29
Q

Dermal papillae

A

Upper part of wave in the Wave-like structures

30
Q

Epidermal ridges

A

Bottom part of the wave in the wave-like structure

31
Q

Papillary zone

A

Contains dermal papillae

32
Q

Reticular zone

A

Deeper part not interacting with epidermidis; Provides cushioning and support

33
Q

What is in the reticular zone?

A

Hair roots, nail roots, blood supply, glands

34
Q

Epidermidis attached to connective tissue via

A

Basement membrane

35
Q

Is the hypodermis part of skin tissue?

A

NO. It is areolar and adipose tissue for insulation And support

36
Q

Melanocytes

A

Produce brown to blackish pigment called melanin; Helps to provide coloration through keratinocytes

37
Q

Melanin

A

helps to absorb UV rays and provide a little bit of protection

38
Q

How do you tan?

A

Hot summer day
Increasing UV radiation
Trigger Melanocytes to produce more melanin

39
Q

What affects coloration of skin do to vascularization

A

Blood supply and hemoglobin

40
Q

Heme

A

Red pigment factor in hemoglobin

41
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Protein in red blood cells

42
Q

Role of glands; what system; where are they?

A

Secretion and excretion

Endocrine system

Glands near organs

43
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Glands or organs which secrete their substance into the body; hormones

44
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Secrete outside the body via ducts

Ex: Sweat, sebaceous oil

45
Q

Some organs have both

A

Endocrine and exocrine functions

46
Q

Types of glands

A

Serous glands
Mucosal glands
Mixed glands

47
Q

Serous glands made of and secretions

A

Made of serous tissue and serous fluid

Secretions typically more watery in structure; Ex: sweat glands

48
Q

Mucosal glands structure and function

A

Have goblet cells that secrete mucus

Helps with movement, preventing abrasion, and trapping pathogens

49
Q

Mixed glands

A

Mucosal and serous

50
Q

Five kinds of cutaneous glands

A
  1. Eccrine sweat glands
  2. Apocrine sweat glands
  3. Sebaceous glands
  4. Ceruminous glands
  5. Mammory glands
51
Q

Apocrine sweat glands us where?

A

Groin, anal region, axilla, areola, beards

Found a long hair follicle

52
Q

Apocrine sweat gland function

A

Secrete fatty sweat into hair follicle

53
Q

Apocrine sweat glands stimulated when

A

Puberty
Emotional stress

54
Q

Eccrine sweat glands found where

A

All over body

55
Q

Eccrine sweat gland function

A

Released directly to surface of skin for cooling

56
Q

Specialized myoepithelial cells

A

Myo= contract and relax

Activate released through sympathetic nervous system

57
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

Secreted along hair follicle oily substance called sebum

Lubrication of hair follicle, skin, and hair

58
Q

Ceruminous glands Where, what make, purpose

A

Modified sebaceous glands that make cerumen (earwax)

Found in ear

Protects against pathogens and Lubricates


59
Q

Mammory glands

A

Found in breast tissue; secrete milk Through ducts

Present in male and female more developed in female after puberty

Anatomy and Physiology 1 (45 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions