CH 14: Special senses, cranial nerves, and spinal cord Flashcards
Key functions of frontal lobe
Personality and motor:
– Explicit memory development
– voluntary motor control
– production of speech
– judgment control centers
– planning
– mood
– motivation
Temporal lobe key functions
Language, auditory, hearing, smell:
– Hearing
– emotion
– smelling
– learning
– verbal memory
– auditory memory
– language centers
Parietal lobe key functions
Sensory, language:
– taste
– sensory integration and function
– spatial perception
– processing language
Occipital lobe key functions
Eyesight
– visual processing in awareness
Insula of Cerebrum key functions
– Taste
– pain
– consciousness
– emotion
Primary gustatory cortex: location And function
On Frontal and insular lobes 
Taste signals received here
Primary auditory cortex: location and Function
Temporal lobe
Hearing
Primary visual cortex: location and function
Occipital lobe
Vision
Motor association or premotor area of frontal lobe
The intention to contract a muscle begins here
Primary motor area or precentral gyrus
Motor program transmitted to neurons
Homunculus of Precentral gyrus
Lower limbs (toes,legs) located towards longitudinal fissure
More precise motor functions (EX: lips tongue Pharynx), along more lateral side closer to parietal lobe
Primary somatosensory cortex aka, location, function
Postcentral gyrus in parietal lobe
Sensory cortex
Homunculus of postcentral gyrus
Lower limbs and genitalia near longitudinal fissure
Face and abdominal viscera more lateral
Wernicke’s area: location and function
Temporal lobe
Responsible for recognition of written and spoken language
Broca’s area: location and function
Frontal lobe
Motor language area
Nonfluent aphasia
Broca’s Aphasia
Understand but can’t talk
Fluent aphasia
Warnicke‘s aphasia
Talk, but don’t understand and don’t make sense
The 12 cranial nerves
I. Olfactory (S)
II. Optic (s)
III. Ocular motor (M)
IV. Trochlear (M)
V. Trigeminal (B)
VI. Abducens (M)
VII. Facial (B)
VIII. Vestibulocochlear (S)
IX. Glossopharyngeal (B)
X. Vagus (B)
XI. Accessory (M)
XII. HYpoglossal (M)
 Pneumonic for 12 cranial nerves
Oh
Oh
Oh
To
Take
A
Family
Vacation
Go
Vacuum
All
House
Pneumonic for cranial nerve sensory motor or both functions
Some say money matters but my brother says big brains matter most
Spinal cord protected by
Vertebrae
How many pairs of spinal nerves?
31
Gray matter in spinal cord
Cell bodies, inner part of spinal cord
White matter in spinal cord
Myelinated axons, outside part of spinal cord
Nerve
Bundle of axon fibers
Ganglion
Central hub of cell bodies
