The ovarian and menstral cycles

Question 1

what is the ovarian menstrual cycle

Answer 1

Occur during a fertile period in a woman’s life when she can fall pregnant and give birth.

Question 2

when does the fertile period occur

Answer 2

Between the ages of 16 and 55 years of age. From puberty to menopause

Question 3

what cycle are changes to the ovaries

Answer 3

part of the ovarian cycle

Question 4

what cycle are changes to the uterus

Answer 4

part of the menstrual cycle

Question 5

what is menarche

Answer 5

It is the very first time a female has a mental cycle, this occurs at puberty. Approximately 16 years of age. The whole cycle is controlled by various hormones.

Question 6

describe the mentrual cycle process

Answer 6

1. The very first menstrual cycle begins when the pituitary gland releases FSH into the bloodstream
2. FSH targets the ovaries and causes an immature follicle to begin to grow
3. As it is developing it secretes the hormone oestrogen.
4. Oestrogen does three things -
   - is has negative feedback on FSH
   - maintains endometrium
   - It has positive feedback on LH
5. LH causes the mature Graafian follicle to rupture releasing the ovum
6. Once the Graafian follicle ruptures it is now called a corpus luteum. The corpus Luteum continues to release oestrogen and now progesterone
7. Progesterone does two things -
   - It maintains the lining of the uterus (endometrium)
   - It has negative feedback on LH
8. The corpus Leutum will degenerate into a white scar called the corpus Albicans. This results in oestrogen and Progesterone not being released. Because now there is no progesterone to maintain the endometrium it breaks down and comes out as a period.

Question 7

what is FSH

Answer 7

follicle-stimulating hormone

Question 8

what is LH

Answer 8

Luteinising hormone

Question 9

what part of the brain allows blood to run through it

Answer 9

hypothalamus

Question 10

what are the major stages of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 10

• menstruation
• preovulation
• ovulation
• secretion
• prementration

Question 11

what is the time span and events that occur during menstruation

Answer 11

• 1-4 days

- uterine bleeding, accompanied by shedding of the endometrium

Question 12

what is the time span and events that occur during preovulation

Answer 12

• 5-12 days

- endometrium repair begins, and the ovarian follicle begins to develop

Question 13

what is the time span and events that occur during ovulation

Answer 13

• 13-15 days

- rupture of the mature follicle, releasing an egg

Question 14

what is the time span and events that occur during secretion

Answer 14

• 16-20 days

- secretion of watery mucus by endometrium, cervix and uterine tube. development of corpus luteum

Question 15

what is the time span and events that occur during the presentation

Answer 15

• 21-28 days

- degeneration of corpus luteum, deterioration of endometrium

Question 16

what is menopause

Answer 16

The time when women cease to menstruate