digestive system functions

Question 1

tongue

Answer 1

facilitating the movement of food during chewing and assisting swolling

Question 2

salivary gland

Answer 2

Produces saliva to dissolve food. Salvia contains mucous which moistens to assist with swallowing. It contains the salivary amylase enzyme which begins starch digestion

Question 3

pharynx

Answer 3

receives air, food and liquid from the oral cavity

Question 4

oesophagus

Answer 4

carries food from the mouth to the stomach

Question 5

liver

Answer 5

Produces bile

Question 6

gall bladder

Answer 6

stores the bile and secretes it into the small intestine

Question 7

bile duct

Answer 7

Allows bile to go from the liver and gall bladder into the small intestine, where it helps digest fats in food

Question 8

pyloric sphincter

Answer 8

It regulates the flow of material from the stomach to the duodenum

Question 9

pancreatic duct

Answer 9

carries the exocrine secretions of the pancreas (enzymes + bicarbonate) to the small intestine

Question 10

cardiac sphincter

Answer 10

prevents the acidic contents of the stomach from moving upward into the oesophagus.

Question 11

stomach

Answer 11

it mechanically digests through a churning action, and chemically digests through pepsin. Which begins protein digestion

Question 12

spleen

Answer 12

stores and filters blood and makes white blood cells that protect you from infection

Question 13

pancreas

Answer 13

produces pancreatic juice containing enzymes for digesting proteins, lipids and nucleic acids

Question 14

duodenum

Answer 14

First part of the small intestine which helps break down food

Question 15

transverse colon

Answer 15

absorbs water, minerals, vitamins

Question 16

ileum

Answer 16

helps further digestion in the stomach and other parts of the small intestine

Question 17

descending colon

Answer 17

absorbs water, minerals, vitamins

Question 18

ascending colon

Answer 18

absorbs water, minerals, vitamins

Question 19

caecum

Answer 19

The first part of the large intestine absorbs fluids and salts that remain after intestinal digestion

Question 20

appendix

Answer 20

has no function in humans

Question 21

rectum

Answer 21

The final part of the large intestine in which faeces are formed

Question 22

anal sphincter

Answer 22

A circular muscle that surrounds the anus where faeces are propelled through the anus