Epigenetics Flashcards
1
Q
what is epigenetics
A
Altering the expression of a gene without changing the gene structure
2
Q
what are three epigenetic factors
A
- Histone modification
- Acetylation
- Methylation
3
Q
describe histone modification
A
If the histones spread out, the double helix will spread out allowing RNA polymerase to move through much easier to form RNA
4
Q
describe Acetylation
A
Acetyl will attach to DNA, and switch on the gene, which increases gene expression. If acetyl is not present, the gene is switched off.
5
Q
describe Methylation
A
Blocks the gene from being read so mRNA cannot be made (stops transcription). The methyl group only attaches to cytosine with the cytosine and guanine group
