musco-skeletal system Flashcards
what are the types of muscle
- smooth muscle
- cardiac muscle
- skeletal muscle
what are the properties of muscles
- contractibility
- elasticity
- extensibility
what is contractability
ability to contract
what is elasticity
the ability to return to the original length
what is extensibility
ability to be stretched
what are the functions of muscles
- move bones by contracting
- stabilize body positions
- regulate organ volumes
- the movement of substances within the body
- create heart
what do tendons do
connect muscle to bone
what do ligaments do
connect muscle to muscle
draw the microscopic diagram of a muscle
check
draw the diagram of a relaxed muscle representing the sliding filament theory
check
what is the sliding filament theory
when muscles contract, the sarcomeres shorten. The theory suggests that this occurs because the actin and myosin filaments slide over one another
outline the step-by-step process of the sliding filament theory
- when the muscles relax the z-lines are far apart
- for a muscle to contract it must receive a nerve impulse
- The nerve impulse causes calcium ions to be released in the muscle cell
- this is the signal for the myosin heads to attach to the actin filaments
the myosin arms bend and pull the actin filaments closer together - they detach, move back to their original position and re-attach and bend again so the actin filaments move even closer together.
what is muscle tone
hold body parts in position through the partial contraction of skeletal muscle
what are skeletal muscles
- they are attached to bones and allow movement at joints.
- they are voluntary controlled
what are smooth muscles?
- smooth muscles are spindled in shape and are found in the internal organs
- they are involuntary controlled
