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Biochem Human Form and Function > TEST #4 Vitamins German 12/2/16 > Flashcards

TEST #4 Vitamins German 12/2/16 Flashcards

1
Q

Are vitamins organic or inorganic?

A

-Organic

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2
Q

What are vitamins essential to humans for?

A

-metabolic and cellular function

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3
Q

Can vitamins be produced in sufficient quantities within the body?

A

-No

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4
Q

How many essential vitamins are there?

A

13

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5
Q

What are four fat soluble vitamins?

A
  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin E
  • Vitamin K
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6
Q

What are the 13 essential vitamins?

A
  • Vit A
  • Vit B1
  • Vit B2
  • Vit B3
  • Vit B5
  • Vit B6
  • Vit B7
  • Vit B9
  • Vit B12
  • Vit C
  • Vit D
  • Vit E
  • Vit K
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7
Q

What type of vitamin has fatty acyl chains and are ingested as esters?

A

-Fat-soluble

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8
Q

What type of vitamin requires cholesterol and are integrated into micelles?

A

-Fat soluble

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9
Q

What type of vitamin are you more likely to have chronic and subacute toxicity?

A

-Fat soluble

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10
Q

What vitamin is folic acid?

A

-Vitamin B9

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11
Q

What vitamins have acute toxicity?

A

-Vit B3, B6, and C

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12
Q

What vitamin is retinol, retinal, carotenoids?

A

-Vit A

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13
Q

What vitamin is pantothenic acid?

A

-Vit B5

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14
Q

What vitamin is Riboflavin?

A

-Vit B2

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15
Q

What vitamin is thiamine?

A

-Vit B1

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16
Q

What vitamin is Niacin?

A

-Vit B3

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17
Q

What vitamin is Pyridoxine?

A

-Vit B6

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18
Q

What vitamin is Cyanocobalamin?

A

-Vit B12

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19
Q

What is the general function of Vitamin A?

A
  • Required for normal vision,
  • adaptive immunity,
  • bone growth,
  • cell membrane stability
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20
Q

What vitamin is taken in high dosages to treat acne?

A

-Vit A

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21
Q

How much vitamin A is the max you should take per day if you are pregnant?

A

-3 mg

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22
Q

What vitamin is necessary for vision?

A

-Vitamin A

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23
Q

What are the source for vitamin B1?

A
  • Whole grain
  • Meat
  • Fish
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24
Q

If you have deficiency symptoms of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) what disease might you have?

A
  • Beriberi

- Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

25
Q

What is the general function of vitamin B1 (Thiamine)?

A

-Converted to thiamine pyrophosphate a cofactor used in enzymes involved in glucose, amino acid and lipid metabolism

26
Q

What is thiamine essential for?

A

-TPP used in pyruvate dehydrogenase

27
Q

What is the general function for vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?

A

-Converted to FMN and FAD, electron carriers central to the ETC

28
Q

If you have endocrine disorders what vitamin are you deficient in?

A

-Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

29
Q

-What is vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) essential for?

A

-Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism

30
Q

What is the general function of Vitamin B3 (Niacin)?

A

-Converted to nicotinic acid to form NAD+ and NADP+

31
Q

If you have deficiency of Vitamin B3 (Niacin) what disease do you have?

A

-Pellagra

32
Q

What is the general function of Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)?

A

-Major component in Coenzyme A synthesis

33
Q

What is the general function of Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)?

A

-Forms PLP and PMP that function as coenzymes, necessary for neurotransmitter synthesis

34
Q

Why is PLP important?

A

-Essential for transaminase reactions

35
Q

What is the general function of Vitamin B7 (Biotin)?

A

-Function as a cofactor for four carboxylases

36
Q

What is vitamin B7 (Biotin) Essential for?

A

-Fatty acid synthesis

37
Q

What is the general function of Vitamin B9 (Folate)?

A

-Forms tetrahydrofolate

38
Q

What is the daily adequate intake of Vitamin B9 (Folate)?

A

-400 ug per day or 600 ug per day if pregnant

39
Q

What is Vitamin B9 (Folate) Essential for?

A

-Amino Acid Metabolism

40
Q

What vitamin does vitamin B9 (Folate) interact with?

A

-Vitamin B12 (Cobalamins)

41
Q

What is the general function of Vitamin B12 (Cobalamins)?

A

-Function as a cofactor in methionine synthesis

42
Q

What is the daily adequate intake of Vitamin B12 (Cobalamins)?

A

-2.4 ug per day

43
Q

Why should you not take more than 1000 ug (1 mg) of folic acid per day?

A

-You will mask the anemia of a Vitamin B12 deficiency

44
Q

What is the general function of Vitamin C?

A

-Provides antioxidant activity

45
Q

What is the daily adequate intake of vitamin C?

A

-75 mg per day

46
Q

What vitamin are you deficient in if you have scurvy?

A

-Vitamin C

47
Q

What vitamin are you deficient in if you have megaloblastic anemia?

A

-Vitamin B12

48
Q

If you take to much Vitamin C what can occur?

A
  • Gout

- Renal failure

49
Q

What are the general functions of Vitamin D?

A

-Hormonal control of Ca2+ and phosphate metabolism

50
Q

What is the daily adequate intake of Vitamin D?

A

-15 ug per day

51
Q

What vitamin deficiency leads to Rickets?

A

-Vitamin D

52
Q

What is the general function of Vitamin E?

A

-Antioxidants that protect against LDL oxidation

53
Q

What is the daily adequate intake of Vitamin E?

A

-15 mg per day

54
Q

What are the deficiency symptoms of Vitamin E?

A
  • Peripheral neuropathy

- Impaired immune response

55
Q

What is the general function of Vitamin K?

A

-Required for clotting factors

56
Q

What is the daily adequate intake of Vitamin K?

A

-90 ug per day

57
Q

What are the deficiency symptoms of Vitamin K?

A

-Bleeding and hemorrhaging

58
Q

If you mask the anemia of Vitamin B12 what will that lead to?

A

-Neurologic problem

59
Q

What vitamin deficiency is associated with pellagra?

A

-Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

Biochem Human Form and Function (28 decks)

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