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Biochem Human Form and Function > Oral Cavity Columbo 10/13/16 Test #3 > Flashcards

Oral Cavity Columbo 10/13/16 Test #3 Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the oral cavity run from?

A

-Mouth (oral fissure) to the ororpharynx

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2
Q

What are the function of teeth?

A

Survive repeated cyclical loading

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3
Q

What are the two parts of the oral cavity?

A
  • Oral vestibule

- Oral cavity proper

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4
Q

Where is the oral vestibule?

A

Between the teeth and the cheeks/lips

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5
Q

Where is the oral cavity proper?

A

Inside of the teeth

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6
Q

What is the superior border of the oral cavity?

A

Hard palate

Soft palate

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7
Q

What is the anterior border of the oral cavity?

A

-Lips

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8
Q

What is the lateral wall of the oral cavity?

A

Cheeks

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9
Q

What is the inferior border of the oral cavity?

A

-Mucous membrane covering mylohyoid muscle

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10
Q

What is the posterior border of the oral cavity?

A

-Oropharyngeal isthmus

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11
Q

What type of epithelium do you find in the oral cavity?

A

-Stratified squamous both keratinized and nonkeratinized

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12
Q

How often is the epithelium in the oral mucosa renewed?

A

1-2 weeks

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13
Q

What is the epithelium derived from?

A

Ectoderm

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14
Q

What is the layer under the epithelial layer?

A

Lamina propria

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15
Q

What is the lamina propria?

A

Underlying connective tissue

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16
Q

What are the epithelial projections into the lamina propria called?

A

-Rete pegs

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17
Q

T/F

Lamina propria contains many lymphocytes in loose aggregates

A

True

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18
Q

What type of rete pegs does the lining mucosa have?

A
  • Flatter

- Rounded

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19
Q

What type of rete pegs do you find in the masticatory mucosa?

A

Sharper and more pronounced

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20
Q

What type of mucosa do you find in the cheeks?

A

Lining mucosa

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21
Q

What type of mucosa do you find in the gingiva?

A

-Masticatory mucosa

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22
Q

What type of mucosa do you find in parts of the dorsum of the tongue?

A

-Masticatory mucosa

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23
Q

What type of mucosa do you find in the inside of the lips?

A

-Lining mucosa

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24
Q

What type of mucosa do you find in the floor of the mouth?

A

-Lining mucosa

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25
Q

What type of mucosa do you find in the hard palate?

A

-Masticatory mucosa

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26
Q

What type of mucosa do you find on the ventral tongue?

A

-Lining mucosa

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27
Q

What type of mucosa do you find in the soft palate?

A

-Lining mucosa

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28
Q

Is the lining mucosa keratinized or non keratinized?

A

-Non-keratinized

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29
Q

Is the masticatory mucosa keratinized or non-keratinized?

A

-Keratinized

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30
Q

What are the three main divisions of the oral mucosa?

A
  • Lining
  • Masticatory
  • Specialized
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31
Q

Where do you find the specialized mucosa?

A

-Taste buds on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the tongue

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32
Q

T/F

The oral mucoperiosteum has submucosa

A

False

It has no submucosa

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33
Q

T/F

The oral mucoperiosteum has a robust lamina propria attached directly to bone

A

True

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34
Q

Which type of mucosa structure has no submucosa?

A

Oral mucoperiosteum

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35
Q

What defines Orthokeratinized epithelium?

A

-No nuclei visible in keratin layer

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36
Q

What defines parakeratinized epithelium?

A

-Some nuclei retained in keratin layer

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37
Q

What are the five layers of the keratin epithelium?

A
  • Stratum corneum
  • Stratum granulosum
  • Stratum spinosum (Prickle)
  • Stratum basal
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38
Q

What layer do you find stem cells and hemidesmosomes?

A

Stratum basal

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39
Q

What layer do you find Desmosomes?

A

-Stratum spinosum

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40
Q

What layer do you find keratohyalin granules?

A

-Stratum granulosum

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41
Q

What layer do you find lamellar granules and lipid coating?

A

-Stratum granulosum

42
Q

What layer do you find Anucleate then acellular layer of stacks of cross-linked keratin coated with lipids?

A

-Stratum corneum

43
Q

What two layers does non-keratinized epithelium lack?

A
  • Stratum corneum

- Stratum granulosum

44
Q

Why does lining mucosa lack stratum granulosa?

A

-It is non-keratinized meaning it lacks keratinhyaline granules

45
Q

What region of the body are you probably dealing with if you have no keratin, and no taste buds on stratified squamous epithelium?

A

-Oral cavity (lining mucosa)

46
Q

T/F

You have a good possibility of finding glandular tissue in the soft palate

A

True

47
Q

Where in the oral cavity will you find both stratified squamous epithelium and respiratory epithelium?

A

Soft palate

48
Q

Why do you find respiratory epithelium in the soft palate?

A

It separates the oral and nasal cavities

49
Q

What is the function of masticatory epithelium?

A

Withstand abrasion

50
Q

In the hard palate what does the lamina propria often bind directly to?

A

Bone

51
Q

Where does the gingiva cover?

A

-Upper and lower part of alveolar bone and “necks of teeth

52
Q

What are the three types of gingiva?

A
  • Attached
  • Free or Marginal
  • Interdental
53
Q

What is attached gingiva?

A

-Firmly bound to bone around roots of teeth, and stippled

54
Q

What is Free or Marginal gingiva?

A

-Lies unattached around cervical region of teeth

55
Q

What is interdental gingiva?

A

-The part of gingiva between teeth

56
Q

What delineates the attached gingiva from alveolar mucosa?

A

-Mucogingival line

57
Q

What is the transition between masticatory and lining mucosa?

A

-Mucogingival line

58
Q

What is unique about the lamina propria in the alveolar mucosa?

A

Looser with many elastic fibers

59
Q

T/F

The attached gingiva has many collagen bundles

A

True

60
Q

T/F

The outside of the lips is non-keratinized

A

False

The outside of the lips is keratinized

61
Q

Where do we transition to the labial mucosa?

A
  • Mucocutaneous junction

- Intermediate zone

62
Q

T/F

The transitional zone is parakeratinized

A

True

63
Q

What percentage of cells in the oral mucosa are keratinocytes?

A

90%

64
Q

What are the remaining 10% of cells of the oral mucosa?

A
  • Langerhan cells
  • Merkel cells
  • Melanocytes
65
Q

Where do you find langerhan cells?

A

-Stratum spinosum

66
Q

What is the function of langerhan cells?

A

-Bind antigens and present them to T cells

67
Q

What do Merkel cells do?

A

-Touch receptors which synapse with sensory nerves

68
Q

What do melanocytes do?

A
  • Produce melanin

- Provide pigmentation

69
Q

How much of the tongue does specialized mucosa cover?

A

Anterior two thirds

70
Q

What are the four types of papillae?

A
  • Filiform
  • Fungiform
  • Foliate
  • Circumvallate
71
Q

What type of papillae is the majority in the tongue and has no taste buds?

A

-Filiform

72
Q

What type of papillae is larger than filiform and found mostly at the tip of the tongue?

A

-Fungiform

73
Q

What type of papillae is found along the posterior side of the tongue?

A

-Foliate

74
Q

What type of papillae do you find along the junction of the body and base of the tonsillar area?

A

-Circumvallate

75
Q

What does filiform papillae have?

A
  • Friction grip
  • No taste buds
  • Anterior 2/3 of tongue
  • Keratinized epithelium
76
Q

What does fungiform papillae have?

A
  • Nonkeratinized epithelium
  • Mushroom like
  • Anterior part of tongue
  • Taste buds on upper surface
77
Q

What does foliate papillae have?

A
  • Non-keratinized epithelium
  • Side of tongue
  • Taste buds on crypts
78
Q

What does circumvallate papillae have?

A
  • Keratinized epithelium
  • Posterior part of tongue
  • 10-12 of them
  • taste buds
  • Von Ebners glands
79
Q

What is the function of von ebners glands?

A

Serous salivary glands to wash out crypts

80
Q

What type of specialized sensory cells are found in the tongue?

A

-Taste buds

81
Q

How do we get different tastes?

A

-Tastes come from binding different receptors

82
Q

T/F

There are distinct regions for different tastes

A

False

There are no distinct regions

83
Q

How does the taste get to the taste pit?

A

-Taste pore

84
Q

What are the four functions of saliva?

A
  • Lubrication
  • Buffering
  • Digestion
  • Protection
85
Q

How does saliva protect the mouth?

A

Washes out bacteria
Secretes lactoferrin, lysozyme, and defensins
-Transports IgA

86
Q

What does saliva buffer the mouth?

A
  • Bicarbonate

- Phosphate ions

87
Q

How does the saliva help in digestion?

A

-Secrete amylase

88
Q

What are the three major salivary glands?

A
  • Parotid
  • Submandibular
  • Sublingual
89
Q

What is unique about the parotid gland?

A

-Large and mostly serous secretions

90
Q

What is unique about the submandibular gland?

A

Mixed secretions but still mostly serous

91
Q

What is unique about the sublingual glands?

A

-Mixed secretions but mostly mucous

92
Q

Why are serous cells darker staining?

A

-Higher protein content than mucous cells

93
Q

What does the parotid gland secrete?

A

A-Amylase

94
Q

What percentage of saliva is the parotid gland responsible for?

A

25%

95
Q

What does the submandibular gland secrete?

A

-Amylase and mucin

96
Q

What percentage of saliva is the submandibular gland responsible for?

A

60-67%

97
Q

What percentage of saliva is the sublingual gland responsible for?

A

3-5%

98
Q

What type of cells are mixed with the secretory cells to push saliva out?

A

-Myoepithelial cells

99
Q

T/F

The end product of saliva is hypotonic contains enzymes and also bicarbonate

A

True

100
Q

Where is the first place that saliva flows?

A

-Intercalated ducts

101
Q

Where does saliva flow from the intercalated ducts?

A

-Onto the striated ducts

102
Q

What makes the salivary glands different than the pancreas?

A

-Striated ducts

Biochem Human Form and Function (28 decks)

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