Oral Cavity Columbo 10/13/16 Test #3 Flashcards
Where does the oral cavity run from?
-Mouth (oral fissure) to the ororpharynx
What are the function of teeth?
Survive repeated cyclical loading
What are the two parts of the oral cavity?
- Oral vestibule
- Oral cavity proper
Where is the oral vestibule?
Between the teeth and the cheeks/lips
Where is the oral cavity proper?
Inside of the teeth
What is the superior border of the oral cavity?
Hard palate
Soft palate
What is the anterior border of the oral cavity?
-Lips
What is the lateral wall of the oral cavity?
Cheeks
What is the inferior border of the oral cavity?
-Mucous membrane covering mylohyoid muscle
What is the posterior border of the oral cavity?
-Oropharyngeal isthmus
What type of epithelium do you find in the oral cavity?
-Stratified squamous both keratinized and nonkeratinized
How often is the epithelium in the oral mucosa renewed?
1-2 weeks
What is the epithelium derived from?
Ectoderm
What is the layer under the epithelial layer?
Lamina propria
What is the lamina propria?
Underlying connective tissue
What are the epithelial projections into the lamina propria called?
-Rete pegs
T/F
Lamina propria contains many lymphocytes in loose aggregates
True
What type of rete pegs does the lining mucosa have?
- Flatter
- Rounded
What type of rete pegs do you find in the masticatory mucosa?
Sharper and more pronounced
What type of mucosa do you find in the cheeks?
Lining mucosa
What type of mucosa do you find in the gingiva?
-Masticatory mucosa
What type of mucosa do you find in parts of the dorsum of the tongue?
-Masticatory mucosa
What type of mucosa do you find in the inside of the lips?
-Lining mucosa
What type of mucosa do you find in the floor of the mouth?
-Lining mucosa
What type of mucosa do you find in the hard palate?
-Masticatory mucosa
What type of mucosa do you find on the ventral tongue?
-Lining mucosa
What type of mucosa do you find in the soft palate?
-Lining mucosa
Is the lining mucosa keratinized or non keratinized?
-Non-keratinized
Is the masticatory mucosa keratinized or non-keratinized?
-Keratinized
What are the three main divisions of the oral mucosa?
- Lining
- Masticatory
- Specialized
Where do you find the specialized mucosa?
-Taste buds on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the tongue
T/F
The oral mucoperiosteum has submucosa
False
It has no submucosa
T/F
The oral mucoperiosteum has a robust lamina propria attached directly to bone
True
Which type of mucosa structure has no submucosa?
Oral mucoperiosteum
What defines Orthokeratinized epithelium?
-No nuclei visible in keratin layer
What defines parakeratinized epithelium?
-Some nuclei retained in keratin layer
What are the five layers of the keratin epithelium?
- Stratum corneum
- Stratum granulosum
- Stratum spinosum (Prickle)
- Stratum basal
What layer do you find stem cells and hemidesmosomes?
Stratum basal
What layer do you find Desmosomes?
-Stratum spinosum
What layer do you find keratohyalin granules?
-Stratum granulosum
What layer do you find lamellar granules and lipid coating?
-Stratum granulosum
What layer do you find Anucleate then acellular layer of stacks of cross-linked keratin coated with lipids?
-Stratum corneum
What two layers does non-keratinized epithelium lack?
- Stratum corneum
- Stratum granulosum
Why does lining mucosa lack stratum granulosa?
-It is non-keratinized meaning it lacks keratinhyaline granules
What region of the body are you probably dealing with if you have no keratin, and no taste buds on stratified squamous epithelium?
-Oral cavity (lining mucosa)
T/F
You have a good possibility of finding glandular tissue in the soft palate
True
Where in the oral cavity will you find both stratified squamous epithelium and respiratory epithelium?
Soft palate
Why do you find respiratory epithelium in the soft palate?
It separates the oral and nasal cavities
What is the function of masticatory epithelium?
Withstand abrasion
In the hard palate what does the lamina propria often bind directly to?
Bone
Where does the gingiva cover?
-Upper and lower part of alveolar bone and “necks of teeth
What are the three types of gingiva?
- Attached
- Free or Marginal
- Interdental
What is attached gingiva?
-Firmly bound to bone around roots of teeth, and stippled
What is Free or Marginal gingiva?
-Lies unattached around cervical region of teeth
What is interdental gingiva?
-The part of gingiva between teeth
What delineates the attached gingiva from alveolar mucosa?
-Mucogingival line
What is the transition between masticatory and lining mucosa?
-Mucogingival line
What is unique about the lamina propria in the alveolar mucosa?
Looser with many elastic fibers
T/F
The attached gingiva has many collagen bundles
True
T/F
The outside of the lips is non-keratinized
False
The outside of the lips is keratinized
Where do we transition to the labial mucosa?
- Mucocutaneous junction
- Intermediate zone
T/F
The transitional zone is parakeratinized
True
What percentage of cells in the oral mucosa are keratinocytes?
90%
What are the remaining 10% of cells of the oral mucosa?
- Langerhan cells
- Merkel cells
- Melanocytes
Where do you find langerhan cells?
-Stratum spinosum
What is the function of langerhan cells?
-Bind antigens and present them to T cells
What do Merkel cells do?
-Touch receptors which synapse with sensory nerves
What do melanocytes do?
- Produce melanin
- Provide pigmentation
How much of the tongue does specialized mucosa cover?
Anterior two thirds
What are the four types of papillae?
- Filiform
- Fungiform
- Foliate
- Circumvallate
What type of papillae is the majority in the tongue and has no taste buds?
-Filiform
What type of papillae is larger than filiform and found mostly at the tip of the tongue?
-Fungiform
What type of papillae is found along the posterior side of the tongue?
-Foliate
What type of papillae do you find along the junction of the body and base of the tonsillar area?
-Circumvallate
What does filiform papillae have?
- Friction grip
- No taste buds
- Anterior 2/3 of tongue
- Keratinized epithelium
What does fungiform papillae have?
- Nonkeratinized epithelium
- Mushroom like
- Anterior part of tongue
- Taste buds on upper surface
What does foliate papillae have?
- Non-keratinized epithelium
- Side of tongue
- Taste buds on crypts
What does circumvallate papillae have?
- Keratinized epithelium
- Posterior part of tongue
- 10-12 of them
- taste buds
- Von Ebners glands
What is the function of von ebners glands?
Serous salivary glands to wash out crypts
What type of specialized sensory cells are found in the tongue?
-Taste buds
How do we get different tastes?
-Tastes come from binding different receptors
T/F
There are distinct regions for different tastes
False
There are no distinct regions
How does the taste get to the taste pit?
-Taste pore
What are the four functions of saliva?
- Lubrication
- Buffering
- Digestion
- Protection
How does saliva protect the mouth?
Washes out bacteria
Secretes lactoferrin, lysozyme, and defensins
-Transports IgA
What does saliva buffer the mouth?
- Bicarbonate
- Phosphate ions
How does the saliva help in digestion?
-Secrete amylase
What are the three major salivary glands?
- Parotid
- Submandibular
- Sublingual
What is unique about the parotid gland?
-Large and mostly serous secretions
What is unique about the submandibular gland?
Mixed secretions but still mostly serous
What is unique about the sublingual glands?
-Mixed secretions but mostly mucous
Why are serous cells darker staining?
-Higher protein content than mucous cells
What does the parotid gland secrete?
A-Amylase
What percentage of saliva is the parotid gland responsible for?
25%
What does the submandibular gland secrete?
-Amylase and mucin
What percentage of saliva is the submandibular gland responsible for?
60-67%
What percentage of saliva is the sublingual gland responsible for?
3-5%
What type of cells are mixed with the secretory cells to push saliva out?
-Myoepithelial cells
T/F
The end product of saliva is hypotonic contains enzymes and also bicarbonate
True
Where is the first place that saliva flows?
-Intercalated ducts
Where does saliva flow from the intercalated ducts?
-Onto the striated ducts
What makes the salivary glands different than the pancreas?
-Striated ducts
