12/6/16 Columbo Mendelian genetics TEST FINAL

Question 1

What are phenotypes?

Answer 1

-Physical traits that are expressed

Question 2

What is tooth agenesis?

Answer 2

-Failure of a tooth to form

Question 3

What are mendelians three laws?

Answer 3

• Law of segregation
• Law of independent assortment
• Law of dominance

Question 4

What is the law of segregation?

Answer 4

Factors for each trait segregate, such that each gamete carries only one factor for each trait

Question 5

What is the law of independent assortment?

Answer 5

-Each factor that segregates does so independently

Question 6

What is the law of dominance?

Answer 6

-The dominant trait will always be expressed when present

Question 7

What are alleles?

Answer 7

-Different forms of a gene

Question 8

T/F

The number of combinations depend on the number of alleles we are considering

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is genotype?

Answer 9

-What alleles are present

Question 10

In the F1 generation when is the phenotypic ratio of dominant to recessive if both parents are homozygous (one dominant and one recessive)?

Answer 10

• 4 Dominant

- 0 Recessive

Question 11

What laws do you see if you breed two homozygous parents for one set of alleles? (one parent dominant homozygous one parent recessive homozygous)

Answer 11

• 1st and 3rd law

- You don’t see the second because there is only one trait

Question 12

In the F2 generation when you breed two heterzygotes what is the phenotypic ratio of dominant to recessive?

Answer 12

• 3 dominant

- 1 recessive

Question 13

T/F

Genetic variation is extremely important to resist some type of disease from wiping out the entire population

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What are the four genotypes of blood?

Answer 14

• A
• B
• AB
• O

Question 15

In blood what are the dominant types?

Answer 15

• A

- B

Question 16

Blood is an example of what type of non-mendelian genetics?

Answer 16

-Co-Dominance

Question 17

What type of non-mendelian genetics give you a “pink flower” when there is no allele for pink flowers?

Answer 17

-Incomplete dominance

Question 18

What is it called when different cells in the body have different genotypes and thus express different phenotypes?

Answer 18

-Mosaicism

Question 19

What do you need to have Mosaicism?

Answer 19

-2 copies of the X allele

Question 20

In a women when you have 2 X chromosomes and one becomes inactive what is the inactive one called?

Answer 20

-Barr Body

Question 21

If you have a Y linked trait who does it get passed onto?

Answer 21

-Male offspring

Question 22

If you have X-linked dominant traits on the father who does he pass it to?

Answer 22

-To his daughters, but not his sons

Question 23

If you have X-linked dominant traits on the mother who does she pass it to?

Answer 23

-50-100% of all offspring depending on her genotype

Question 24

If you have X-linked recessive traits what gender will they predominate in?

Answer 24

-Males

Question 25

What type of non-mendelian inheritance are factors passed from the cytoplasm?

Answer 25

-Extra nuclear inheritance (mitochondria DNA all comes from the ova)

Question 26

What type of non-mendelian inheritance are integrated traits introduced by a virus and are passed along the germ line?

Answer 26

Infectious Heredity

Question 27

What type of non-mendelian inheritance is a recombination event where DNA sequence from one homologous chromosome can replace a sequence on its counterpart?

Answer 27

-Gene Conversion