Renal Pharm (Exam 2)

Question 1

BCG vaccine: Class

Answer 1

Intravesical Therapy

Question 2

BCG Vaccine: MOA

Answer 2

-Stimulates inflammatory response in the bladder –goal is for the immune system to recognize cancerous cells and attack

Question 3

BCG Vaccine: Indication

Answer 3

Bladder Cancer

Question 4

BCG Vaccine: Adverse Reactions

Answer 4

Bladder irritation

Systemic infections because the drug is a live vaccine

Question 5

BCG Vaccine: Patient Instruction

Answer 5

Patient Instructions:

1. Empty bladder
2. Instill Vaccine into bladder (dwell 2 hours)
3. Change positions q 15

Question 6

BCG Vaccine: NSG Consideration

Answer 6

-Given weekly for 6-12 weeks

-Disinfect urine for 6 hours post treatment; watch for infection

-Live vaccine: Do not give to HIV or AID or immunocompromised

Question 7

Sodium Bicarbonate: MOA

Answer 7

-Alkaline agent and decrease pH

Question 8

Sodium Bicarbonate: Indications

Answer 8

-Metabolic acidosis causing CKD

-Slow CKD
Prevent bone loss
Improve nutritional status

Question 9

Sodium Bicarbonate: Adverse Reactions

Answer 9

-Bloating

Question 10

Sodium Bicarbonate: NSG consideration

Answer 10

-Initiate when HCO3 is less than 15 mEq/mL: Goal is 18-20

Question 11

calcium carbonate: MOA

Answer 11

Bind to phosphate

Question 12

calcium carbonate: Indications

Answer 12

-Keep normal phosphate levels and decrease mortality

Question 13

calcium carbonate: Adverse Reaction

Answer 13

Hypercalcemia

Question 14

calcium carbonate: NSG considerations

Answer 14

Take with meals

Question 15

calcitriol: MOA

Answer 15

-Activated from vitamin D; stimulate intestinal absorption of calcium/phosphate and bone mineralization

Question 16

calcitriol: Indications

Answer 16

-Used to treat renal osteodystrophy

Question 17

calcitriol: Adverse Reaction

Answer 17

-Hypercalcemia

-Hypophosphatemia

Question 18

calcitriol: NSG consideration

Answer 18

-25 dihydroxy vitamin D (active)

Question 19

finasteride: Class

Answer 19

5-alpha- reductase inhibitor

Question 20

finasteride: MOA

Answer 20

-Blocks conversion of testosterone to DHT (alpha 1 receptors)

-Decrease epithelial tissue in prostate

Question 21

finasteride: Indications

Answer 21

-Mechanical obstruction of urethra

Question 22

finasteride: Adverse Reaction

Answer 22

-Impotence
Decreased libido (5-10%)
Gynecomastia

Question 23

finasteride: NSG consideration

Answer 23

-6-12 months for the med to work and take for the rest of your life

-Increase hair growth and used to treat baldness

-Cannot donate blood

Question 24

finasteride works best in men whose

Answer 24

prostate is very enlarged

Question 25

If PSA levels do not drop while on finasteride then

Answer 25

you should be evaluated for prostate cancer

Question 26

What drug should women not handle

Answer 26

finasteride and dutasteride

Question 27

Dutasteride

Answer 27

Same as finasteride

Question 28

tamsulosin: Class

Answer 28

Alpha1 – Adrenergic Antagonist

Question 29

tamsulosin: MOA

Answer 29

-Relaxes smooth muscle cells -Selective for alpha receptors in the prostate

Question 30

tamsulosin: Indications

Answer 30

-Dynamic obstruction of urethra

Question 31

tamsulosin: Adverse Reactions

Answer 31

-Abnormal ejaculation -Well tolerated

Question 32

tamsulosin: NSG consideration

Answer 32

-Works quickly but has to be taken for life to maintain benefits

Question 33

sildenafil: Class

Answer 33

PDE-5 inhibitors

Question 34

sildenafil: MOA

Answer 34

-Inhibits PDE5 -Increases and preserves cGMP levels -Only enhance the normal response to sexual stimulation

Question 35

sildenafil: Indications

Answer 35

-Relief of ED -Pulmonary arterial hypertension -BPH

Question 36

sildenafil: Adverse Reactions

Answer 36

-HA 16% -Flushing 10% -Dyspepsia 7% -Priapism: Erection that is painful or last more than 4 hours medical emergency -No more than once per day

Question 37

sildenafil: NSG consideration and contriandication

Answer 37

-Take up to 4 hours before sexual activity (onset 30-60 minutes) -Contraindicated: Preexisting CV disease or if on nitrate and hypotension