Exam 1a. Other Drugs Flashcards
acylovir
antiviral
acyclovir: MOA
- Interferes with nucleic acid synthesis
- Prevents virus from binding to cell
- Stimulates the body’s immune system to kill the virus
acyclovir: Indications
-Used to suppress HSV1 (oral) HSV2(genital) VZV (herpes zoster and varicella (chickenpox)
-Reduces symptoms severity and frequency of outbreaks, NOT a cure
-May require multiple treatments
acyclovir: Adverse Reaction
Seizures
ITP (Idiopathic thrombocytopenia)
acyclovir: NSG considerations
Many Routes
-Reduces symptoms severity and frequency of outbreaks, NOT a cure
-May require multiple treatments
-Reduces viral shedding and decreases local symptoms
-Decreases severity and duration of illness
-Disease can reoccur again
oseltamivir
antiviral
oseltamivir: MOA
Inhibit neuraminidases in influenza viruses: Enzyme that flue virus creates
oseltamivir: Indication
Used for prophylaxis and to treat active disease (48hr of sx onset)
Most often given to elderly and immunocompromised after known exposure
CDC approved April 2009 for treatment of H1N1 swine flu
oseltamivir: Adverse Reactions
N/V/D
Seizures
Renal impairment
oseltamivir: NSG consideration
Mostly influenza A
Some action against influenza B
ganciclovir
antiviral
ganciclovir: MOA
Inhibits viral DNA polymerases resulting in chain termination
ganciclovir: Indications
-Treats cytomegalovirus (CMV)
-CMV Immunocompromised patients (AIDS, immunosuppressed, transplants)
Controls but does not cure
ganicilovir: NSG consideration
BBW
-Black Box Warnings:
1. Hematologic toxicity (drop in all)
2. fertility impairment (cant have kids)
3. fetal toxicity (kills baby)
4. carcinogenesis (causes cancer)
Do not give with imipenem (seizures)
Watch kidneys if given with other nephrotoxic drugs
NRTI’s: MOA
Inhibit reverse transcriptase –> thus blocking HIV retrovirus ability to incorporate its RNA into the host cell’s DNA
