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BACTERIOLOGY > QUALITY CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGY > Flashcards

QUALITY CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Internal activities ensuring diagnostic accuracy, defined as measures designed to ensure the medical reliability of laboratory data

A

Quality control

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2
Q

External activities ensuring positive outcomes

A

Quality assurance

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3
Q

Eliminates redundant motion, reduces waste, and focuses on client value

A

LEAN concept

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4
Q

Six Sigma goal

A

“Reduces defects by minimizing process variation”

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5
Q

Six Sigma methodology

A

“DMAIC: A process introduced by Motorola in 1986 to reduce defects by minimizing variation in processes through metrics measurement”

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6
Q

Accuracy, reliability, and timeliness of reported test results

A

Laboratory quality

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7
Q

TJC laboratory goals

A

“Improving patient identification

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8
Q

ISO - Medical laboratory requirements for quality and competence

A

“ISO 15189:2007”

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9
Q

ISO -General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories

A

“ISO/IEC 17025:2005”

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10
Q

ISO- General requirements for the competence of providers of proficiency testing schemes

A

“ISO/IEC 17043:2010”

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11
Q

Pre-analytical stage steps in laboratory testing

A

Test order/requisition, Collection of samples, Transport

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12
Q

Analytical stage steps in laboratory testing

A

Gram stain/Direct Microscopy, Culture, Screening test, Biochemical test, Confirmatory tests, QC, QA

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13
Q

Post-analytical stage steps in laboratory testing

A

Review of result, Encoding in LIS, Critical values, Notifying physician, Disposal of agar plates

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14
Q

Critical value indicating systemic infection

A

Positive blood cultures

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15
Q

Critical value indicating CNS infection

A

Positive CSF Gram stain or culture

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16
Q

Critical value indicating fungal infection in CSF

A

Positive Cryptococcal antigen test

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17
Q

Critical value for identifying mycobacterial infection

A

Positive acid-fast stain

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18
Q

Critical value in genital site of pregnant women

A

S. agalactiae or herpes simplex virus

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19
Q

Critical value indicating parasitic infection in blood

A

Blood smear positive for malaria

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20
Q

Critical value in surgical wound infections

A

Streptococcus pyogenes in a surgical wound

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21
Q

Critical value suggestive of gas gangrene

A

Gram stain showing large boxcar-shaped gram-positive rods

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22
Q

Critical value for respiratory or zoonotic infections

A

Significant pathogens (B. pertussis, Brucella, Legionella)

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23
Q

QC monitoring for Gas Pak jar, Autoclave temperature

A

Each use

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24
Q

QC monitoring (Catalase, Oxidase, Refrigerator, Freezer, Incubator, Anaerobic chamber)

A

Daily

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25
Q

QC monitoring for (Gram stain, Antibiotic disks, Autoclave spore testing, Reagents)

A

Weekly

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26
Q

QC for monitoring (Rheostat control, Face velocity of BSC)

A

Monthly

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27
Q

QC for monitoring (Cleaning and adjustment of Microscope)

A

Quarterly

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28
Q

QC for monitoring (Centrifuge speed, RPM)

A

Semi-Annually

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29
Q

QC for monitoring (Airflow of biosafety cabinet, Biohazard hoods, Accuracy of balances)

A

Annually

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30
Q

Gram stain control usage

A

Every batch or weekly

31
Q

Internal quality control components

A

Check reagents, MT staff performance, test validity

32
Q

External quality control includes

A

Check test methods, managed by RITM, DOH

33
Q

Positive control plate

A

Media with expected organism

34
Q

Negative control plate

A

Media without organism

35
Q

Classification of errors in AST reporting: adequate interpretation of the susceptibility test result

A

No errors in interpretation

36
Q

Classification of errors in AST reporting: Microorganism shows intermediate sensitivity to a given antimicrobial but is reported as susceptible or resistant; microorganism is susceptible or resistant but reported as showing intermediate resistance

A

Minor error (Mi)

37
Q

Classification of errors in AST reporting: classification as resistant of a susceptible strain (false resistance)

A

Major error (Ma)

38
Q

Classification of errors in AST reporting: classification as susceptible of a resistant strain (false susceptibility)

A

Very major error (Vma)

39
Q

ATCC strains used for Quality control of routine AST: antimicrobials against Gram-positive, Oxacillin Screen agar

A

S. aureus

40
Q

ATCC strains used for Quality control of routine AST: vancomycin BHI screen, assessment of thymidine levels in media

A

Enterococcus faecalis

41
Q

ATCC strains used for Quality control of routine AST: antimicrobials against gram negative

A

E. coli

42
Q

ATCC strains used for Quality control of routine AST against streptococci

A

S. pneumoniae

43
Q

ATCC strains used for Quality control of routine AST antimicrobials against anaerobes

A

Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Eubacterium lentum

44
Q

Stock culture maintenance: 10% DMSO, fetal bovine serum (as cryoprotectant) -70 deg C, Indefinite storage

A

Viruses

45
Q

Stock culture maintenance: Potato dextrose agar (PDA) slants 4 deg C 6-12 months

A

Molds

46
Q

Stock culture maintenance: Lowenstein-Jensen slants 4 deg C 1 year

A

Acid Fast bacilli

47
Q

Stock culture maintenance: Middlebrook 7H9 broth, -70 deg C for 1 year

A

Acid fast bacilli

48
Q

Stock culture maintenance: Trypticase soy agar (TSA) deeps, Schaedler broth with glycerol, Chopped meat for anaerobes, and Cystine Trypticase agar (CTA); -70 deg C for 1 year

A

Non-fastidious aerobic bacteria and yeasts

49
Q

Stock culture maintenance: Lyophilization (freeze-drying), 4 deg C, for several years

A

Aerobes and anaerobes

50
Q

Stock culture maintenance: Freezing at -70 deg C for several years

A

Aerobes and anaerobes

51
Q

Stock culture maintenance: Thawed, Re-isolated, Refrozen every 5 years

A

Frozen Non-fastidious bacteria

52
Q

Stock culture maintenance: Thawed, Re-isolated, Refrozen every 3 years

A

Frozen fastidious bacteria

53
Q

Stock culture maintenance: 1 vial per week is thawed and subcultured twice

A

In-use/Working culture

54
Q

Specimen time retention for urine

A

24 hours

55
Q

Specimen time retention for Microbiology stained slides; Body fluid and Smears

A

7 days

56
Q

Specimen time retention for Test Requisitions, Patient records, Culture media performance and sterility records, QC records, Retired Laboratory procedures

A

2 years

57
Q

Specimen time retention for Maintenance of records with billing concerns

A

10 years

58
Q

Specimen time retention for QC record of instrument

A

As long as instrument is being used

59
Q

Oversight of public health and safety including the laboratory

A

CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

60
Q

Regulation and Approval of in-vitro reagent kits

A

FDA (Food and Drug Administration)

61
Q

Calibration of thermometer, weights and measures; International system of Units

A

NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

62
Q

Culture media quality control; Format of SOP manuals; Standardization of laboratory practice

A

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)

63
Q

Control organisms used for AST (20 days testing)

A

American Type Culture Collection (ATCC)

64
Q

Licensing of Laboratories

A

Department of Health (DOH)

65
Q

Test kit or method validation, Proficiency testing, Bioterrorism investigation and confirmation along with CDC

A

Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM)

66
Q

Provides Research, education, and training in the field of occupational safety and health. Certification of respirator masks (e.g. N95)

A

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

67
Q

RITM NEQAS for Bacteriology, Parasitology, Mycobacteriology Microscopy and Culture, SARS-CoV-2 Molecular frequency

A

Once a Year

68
Q

RITM NEQAS for Transfusion Transmissible infections (HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis, Malaria)

A

Twice a Year

69
Q

NRL for dengue, Influenza, TB, and other Mycobacteria, Malaria and other parasites, Bacterial enteric disease, Measles and other viral exanthems, Mycology, Enteroviruses, Antimicrobial resistance and engineering diseases

A

RITM

70
Q

NRL for HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, Syphillis and other STI’s

A

San Lazaro Hospital (SACCL)

71
Q

NRL for environmental and occupational health; toxicology and micronutrient assay

A

East Avenue Medical Center

72
Q

NRL for Hematology including Immunohematology and Immunopathology and Anatomic Pathology

A

NKTI

73
Q

NRL pathology for Cardiac Disease

A

PHC

74
Q

NRL in anatomic pathology for pulmonary disease

A

LCP

BACTERIOLOGY (49 decks)

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