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BACTERIOLOGY > Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria > Flashcards

Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria characteristics group 1

A

Photochromogens (10 – 21 days growth rate)

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2
Q

Color production of photochromogens group 1

A

Cream/Buff in dark, Yellow to orange after light exposure

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3
Q

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria characteristics group 2

A

Scotochromogens (10 – 21 days growth rate)

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4
Q

Color production of scotochromogens group 2

A

Yellow to orange in dark and after light exposure

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5
Q

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria characteristics group 3

A

Nonphotochromogens (10 – 21 days growth rate)

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6
Q

Color production of nonphotochromogens group 3

A

Cream/buff in dark and after light exposure

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7
Q

Characteristics of NTM group 4

A

Rapid growers (3-7 days)

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8
Q

Color production of rapid growers group 4

A

Varying pigments in dark and after light exposure

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9
Q

Runyoun Group I (Photochromogens) Mycobacteria species

A

marinum, asiaticum, kansasii, branderi, intermedium, nebraskense

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10
Q

Runyoun Group 2 (Scotochromogens) Mycobacteria species

A

gordonae, scrofulaceum, szulgai, europaeum, interjectum, heckeshornense, lentiflavum

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11
Q

Runyoun Group 3 (Nonphotochromogens) Mycobacteria species

A

avium complex, celatum, genavense, shimoidei, simiae, terrae complex, xenopi, ulcerans, lacus, malmonse, haemophilium

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12
Q

Runyoun Group 4 (Rapid growers) Mycobacteria species

A

abscessus, fortuitum, chelonae

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13
Q

Mycobacterium associated with freshwater and saltwater; associated with fish and breaks in skin. Positive for Tween 80 Hydrolysis, Urease, Pyrazinamide. Optimum growth temperature: 28-32°C

A

M. marinum

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14
Q

Mycobacterium associated with Cutaneous disease (Swimming pool granuloma), bacteremia

A

M. marinum

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15
Q

Mycobacterium associated with tropical environmental water (primarily in Australia); disease associated with pulmonary disease, bursitis, tenosynovitis

A

M. asiaticum

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16
Q

Mycobacterium found in tap water; more common in white males. Positive for nitrate, catalase, tellurite reduction, and Tween 80 Hydrolysis; associated with Chronic pulmonary disease, cervical lymphadenitis, cutaneous disease

A

M. kansasii

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17
Q

Environmental isolate associated with pulmonary disease and ulcerative tenosynovitis

A

M. branderi

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18
Q

Environmental water isolate associated with pulmonary and cutaneous disease

A

M. intermedium

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19
Q

Skin infection in dogs; associated with pulmonary and cutaneous disease

A

M. nebraskense

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20
Q

Mycobacterium found in fresh/tap water (pipeline, laboratory faucet). Positive for Catalase and Tween 80 hydrolysis

A

M. gordonae

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21
Q

Mycobacterium associated with pulmonary pneumonitis and other hypersensitivity lung diseases affecting immunocompromised patients

A

M. gordonae

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22
Q

Mycobacterium associated with raw milk, dairy products, soil; causes cervical adenitis in children, pulmonary, and skin infections

A

M. scrofulaceum

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23
Q

Mycobacterium found in water and soil; associated with pulmonary disease and lymphadenitis

A

M. szulgai

24
Q

Mycobacterium colonizer; associated with pulmonary disease and lymphadenitis

A

M. europaeum

25
Q

Mycobacterium with unknown source; associated with chronic lymphadenitis and polyangiitis

A

M. interjectum

26
Q

Mycobacterium environmental isolate; associated with pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis, and tenosynovitis

A

M. heckeshornense

27
Q

Mycobacterium found in environmental water; associated with pulmonary disease, spondylodiscitis, and frequently with cystic fibrosis

A

M. lentiflavum

28
Q

Mycobacterium environmental isolate; positive for Tellurite reduction and Pyrazinamidase. Patients without AIDS: Pulmonary infections, Lymphadenitis; M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis causes Johne disease in cattle, sheep, goats. Patients with AIDS: Disseminated disease

A

M. avium complex

29
Q

Mycobacterium with unknown source; associated with coinfection in immunocompromised patients with HIV

A

M. celatum

30
Q

Mycobacterium found in pets (Parrot, Parakeet, Dogs); Tap water isolate; associated with disseminated disease in AIDS patients

A

M. genavense

31
Q

Mycobacterium environmental isolate; associated with tuberculosis-like pulmonary infection

A

M. shimoidei

32
Q

Mycobacterium found in tap water and hospital tanks; associated with tuberculosis-like pulmonary infection

A

M. simiae

33
Q

Mycobacterium found in aquatic environments; associated with pulmonary disease and tenosynovitis

A

M. terrae complex

34
Q

Mycobacterium found in hot water taps in hospitals; optimum growth temperature: 28-32°C; associated with pulmonary infections

A

M. xenopi

35
Q

Mycobacterium found in stagnant tropical waters and aquatic insects; positive for heat-stable catalase; 3rd most common mycobacterial disease; causes indolent cutaneous and subcutaneous infections (African Buruli ulcer or Australian Bairnsdale ulcer)

A

M. ulcerans

36
Q

Mycobacterium with unknown source; associated with bursitis with caseating granuloma

A

M. lacus

37
Q

Mycobacterium found in armadillos; associated with pulmonary infections and lymphadenitis

A

M. malmoense

38
Q

Mycobacterium with unknown source; optimum growth is 28-30°C, requires hemin/hemoglobin; associated with skin and pulmonary infections

A

M. haemophilum

39
Q

Mycobacterium responsible for 80% of pulmonary disease caused by Runyon Group 4; associated with disseminated disease in immunocompromised patients, healthcare infections, and cystic fibrosis

A

M. abscessus

40
Q

Mycobacterium found in environmental sources like water, soil, and dust; associated with postoperative infections in breast augmentation and median sternotomy, as well as pulmonary infections

A

M. fortuitum

41
Q

Mycobacterium associated with keratitis, infections of the skin, soft tissue, postoperative wounds; found in environmental sources like water, soil, and dust

A

M. chelonae

42
Q

Mycobacterium leprae main reservoir

A

Humans

43
Q

Mycobacterium leprae causes

A

Leprosy (Hansen disease)

44
Q

Silent phase of Mycobacterium leprae infection

A

Multiplication in skin macrophages

45
Q

Intermediate phase of Mycobacterium leprae infection

A

Multiplication in peripheral nerves

46
Q

Localized form of Mycobacterium leprae infection

A

Tuberculoid leprosy (Skin lesions and damaged nerves, Lepromin skin test positive)

47
Q

Disseminated form of Mycobacterium leprae infection

A

Lepromatous leprosy (Facial and nasal deformities, Lepromin skin test negative)

48
Q

Routine diagnosis for Mycobacterium leprae

A

Clinical manifestations, hypopigmented skin lesions, peripheral nerves, AFB-positive skin smear

49
Q

Appearance of M. leprae under the microscope

A

Cigarette packet or picket fence arrangement

50
Q

Ability to grow M. leprae in vitro

A

NOT cultivable in regular media (in vitro)

51
Q

Where M. leprae can be cultivated in vivo

A

Footpads of armadillo or mice

52
Q

Acid-fast properties of M. leprae compared to other Mycobacteria

A

Not as acid-fast; uses 10% sulfuric acid as a weaker decolorizer compared to 1% acid-ethanol

53
Q

Biochemical test positive for M. leprae

A

Phenolase test positive

54
Q

Special stain used for M. leprae

A

Fite-Faraco stain

55
Q

Molecular test for M. leprae

A

Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) on blood, tissue, or urine

BACTERIOLOGY (49 decks)

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