BACTERIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND GROWTH REQ

Question 1

Obligate aerobe requirements

Answer 1

21% O2, 0.03% CO2

Question 2

Usual incubator for obligate aerobe

Answer 2

Ambient air/Room air

Question 3

Microorganisms in obligate aerobe

Answer 3

Fungi, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), Brucella, Bordetella

Question 4

Obligate anaerobe requirements

Answer 4

0% O2, 5-10% H2, 5-10% CO2, 80-90% N2

Question 5

Usual incubator for obligate anaerobe

Answer 5

Gas Pak Jar, AnaeroPack, Palladium, Brewer jar, McIntosh & Fildes

Question 6

Microorganisms in obligate anaerobe

Answer 6

Clostridium, Bacteroides

Question 7

Facultative anaerobe requirements

Answer 7

Do not require O2 but grow better with O2

Question 8

Usual incubator for facultative anaerobe

Answer 8

Ambient air/Room air

Question 9

Microorganisms in facultative anaerobe

Answer 9

Enterobacteria (Most pathogens)

Question 10

Aerotolerant anaerobe requirements

Answer 10

Grow at the same rate with or without O2

Question 11

Usual incubator for aerotolerant anaerobe

Answer 11

Ambient air/Room air

Question 12

Microorganism in aerotolerant anaerobe

Answer 12

Cutibacterium (Propionibacterium) acnes

Question 13

Bacteria’s dry weight

Answer 13

50% Carbon and 14% Nitrogen

Question 14

Use Carbon dioxide as sole source of carbon

Answer 14

Autotrophs

Question 15

Use light as source of energy

Answer 15

Phototrophs

Question 16

Use inorganic compounds as source of energy

Answer 16

Chemolithotrophs

Question 17

Require complex substances for growth; require organic substances for energy; clinically significant bacteria causing human infection

Answer 17

Heterotrophs

Question 18

Psychrophiles/Cryophiles (0-20ºC); Refrigerator contamination

Answer 18

Listeria, Y. enterocolitica

Question 19

Psychrophiles/Cryophiles (0-20ºC): Blood bank contamination: Y. enterocolitica, P. fluorescens, S. liquifaciens

Question 20

Mesophiles (20-40ºC)

Answer 20

Room temp contamination; Blood bank: S. epidermidis, B. cereus

Question 21

Thermophiles (40-60ºC)

Answer 21

Bacillus stearothermophilus - autoclave

Question 22

Room temperature (20-25ºC)

Answer 22

Best for microbial pigment production; use sterile white swab to pick up colony

Question 23

Incubator temperature

Answer 23

35-37ºC

Question 24

Fungal cultures

Answer 24

30ºC

Question 25

Cold enrichment (4ºC)

Answer 25

Listeria, Y. enterocolitica

Question 26

Hot enrichment (42ºC)

Answer 26

Campylobacter

Question 27

Acidophilic (<5.5 pH)

Answer 27

Lactobacillus acidophilus (Doderlein bacilli in vagina, Boas Oppler bacilli in GI tract)

Question 28

Alkalinophilic (>8.0 pH)

Answer 28

Vibrio spp.

Question 29

Bacterial vaginosis (alkaline pH)

Answer 29

Gardnerella vaginalis, Mobiluncus spp. (Gram-variable, curved anaerobic bacilli)

Question 30

Salt-loving bacteria; require NaCl for growth

Answer 30

Halophiles

Question 31

S. aureus salt tolerance amount

Answer 31

7.5% NaCl (MSA)

Question 32

Enterococcus salt tolerance amount

Answer 32

6.5% NaCl broth

Question 33

Vibrio spp amount of salt tolerance.

Answer 33

0, 3, 5, 8, 10% NaCl broth (All Vibrio are halophilic except cholera and mimicus)

Question 34

Microaerophile requirements

Answer 34

5-10% O2 (decreased), 8-10% CO2 (increased), 85% N2

Question 35

Usual incubator for microaerophile

Answer 35

Microaerophilic incubator or Jars

Question 36

Microorganisms in microaerophile

Answer 36

Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Treponema, Borrelia

Question 37

Capnophile requirements

Answer 37

5-10% CO2 (increased)

Question 38

Usual incubator for capnophile

Answer 38

Candle Jar, Capnophilic incubator

Question 39

Microorganisms in capnophile

Answer 39

Haemophilus, HACEK, Neisseria, Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 40

Indicators of anaerobiosis

Answer 40

Methylene Blue and Resazurin (With color = With Oxygen; Colorless = Anaerobiosis)

Question 41

Special growth supplement for Haemophilus

Answer 41

X and V factors, IsoVitale X or Vitox

Question 42

Special growth supplement for Legionella

Answer 42

Cysteine and Iron

Question 43

Special growth supplement for Francisella

Answer 43

Cysteine and Cystine

Question 44

Special growth supplement for Bordetella pertussis

Answer 44

Cysteine, Methionine, Nicotinic acid

Question 45

Special growth supplement for Granulicatella and Abiotrophia

Answer 45

Cysteine and Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal)

Question 46

Special growth supplement for Anaerobes (Bacteroides)

Answer 46

Hemin and Vitamin K

Question 47

Special growth supplement for B. anthracis and Trichophyton fungus

Answer 47

Vitamin B1 (thiamine)