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BACTERIOLOGY > Oxidase positive, Gram-Negative Bacili > Flashcards

Oxidase positive, Gram-Negative Bacili Flashcards

1
Q

Genus associated with oxidase-positive, Gram-negative bacilli

A

Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Cupriavidus, Ralstonia

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2
Q

Characteristics of oxidase-positive, Gram-negative bacilli

A

Aerobic, Non-spore forming, Motile with polar flagella except Burkholderia mallei

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3
Q

Agent of nosocomial infections, wound infections (blue pus), burn and diabetic patient infections, cystic fibrosis, and COPD patient infections

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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4
Q

Infection associated with dermatitis in hot tubs/Jacuzzi, ecthyma gangrenosum (black necrotic skin papules), and swimmer’s ear (malignant otitis externa)

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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5
Q

Infection associated with contact lens solution contamination

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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6
Q

Swimmer’s itch causative agent

A

Schistosoma

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7
Q

Tests positive for Catalase, Oxidase, Acetamide, and Cetrimide growth; Growth at 42°C; Grape-like odor (2-Acetaminophenone)

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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8
Q

Virulence factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that inhibits host protein synthesis

A

Exotoxin A

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9
Q

Virulence factor that degrades host elastin and disrupts cell membranes

A

Elastase, Phospholipase C

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10
Q

Virulence factors disrupting the cytoskeleton

A

Exoenzyme S and T

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11
Q

Pigments produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Pyocyanin, Pyorubin, Pyoverdin, Pyomelanin

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12
Q

Virulence factor that inhibits phagocytosis via biofilm production

A

Alginate

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13
Q

Mechanism for bacterial communication in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Quorum sensing

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14
Q

Burkholderia species associated with infections in cystic fibrosis patients

A

Burkholderia cepacia

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15
Q

Plant pathogen isolated from cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) patients

A

Burkholderia gladioli

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16
Q

Burkholderia species causing severe zoonotic infection in horses (Glander’s disease)

A

Burkholderia mallei

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17
Q

Burkholderia species known as Whitmore’s bacillus causing Melioidosis (Vietnamese time bomb or great mimicker)

A

Burkholderia pseudomallei

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18
Q

Sample types for diagnosing Burkholderia pseudomallei infection

A

Throat swab, Rectal swab, Sputum

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19
Q

Characteristic colony appearance of Burkholderia pseudomallei on Ashdown agar

A

Dry, Violet-purple, Wrinkled colony

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20
Q

Ralstonia species associated with contamination of sterile fluids, sputum in CF patients, and urine

A

Ralstonia pickettii

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21
Q

Ralstonia pickettii biochem results

A

Nitrate reduction +, Glucose oxidation +, Urease +

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22
Q

Cupriavidus species recovered in CF patients, bacteremia, peritonitis, CSF; Urease positive

A

Cupriavidus pauculus

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23
Q

Environmental Pseudomonas species forming Brown/Yellow adherent wrinkled colonies

A

Pseudomonas stutzeri

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24
Q

Stenotrophomonas species associated with nosocomial/catheter-related infections

A

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

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25
Q

Key biochemical features of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

A

Oxidase negative, Beta-lactamase +, LDC, DNase and Motility positive, Lavender green colonies on BAP, Ammonia odor

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26
Q

Acinetobacter species associated with drug-resistant nosocomial infections, ESKAPE pathogen

A

Acinetobacter baumannii

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27
Q

Key biochemical features of Acinetobacter baumannii

A

Oxidase negative, Catalase +, Lavender colonies on MAC, Oxidizer of carbohydrates

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28
Q

Characteristic morphology of Acinetobacter baumannii

A

Plump coccobacilli, Resist decolorization

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29
Q

Moraxella species associated with conjunctivitis

A

Moraxella lacunata

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30
Q

Key biochemical features of Moraxella lacunata

A

Gelatinase +, Liquefies/Digests Loeffler’s serum slant

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31
Q

Elizabethkingia species associated with neonatal meningitis, formerly Flavobacterium, Chryseobacterium

A

Elizabethkingia meningoseptica

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32
Q

Key biochemical features of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica

A

Produces flavin/yellow pigment, Oxidase +, DNase +

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33
Q

Chromobacterium species associated with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), sepsis, and necrotizing fasciitis

A

Chromobacterium violaceum

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34
Q

Characteristic features of Chromobacterium violaceum

A

Violacein pigment, Almond/ammonium cyanide odor

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35
Q

Causes whooping cough/100 days fever

A

Bordetella pertussis

36
Q

Stages of Bordetella pertussis infection

A

Catarrhal, Paroxysmal, Convalescent stage

37
Q

Prevention for Bordetella pertussis

A

DPT vaccine/DPaT acellular

38
Q

Bordetella pertussis characteristics

A

Catalase +, Oxidase +

39
Q

Best specimen for Bordetella pertussis

A

Nasopharyngeal swab (NPS)

40
Q

Bordetella pertussis virulence factor

A

“Pili”

41
Q

Media for Bordetella pertussis

A

Potato Blood Glycerol, Bordet Gengou agar, Regan Lowe/Charcoal Cephalexin Blood agar, Casamino broth, Jones Kendrich

42
Q

Oxidase (+), Urease (-) Bordetella species

A

B. pertussis

43
Q

Urease (+), Growth on BAP (+) Bordetella species

A

B. parapertussis

44
Q

Positive for Motility, Nitrate reduction, Oxidase, Urease, and Growth in Bordetella species

A

B. bronchiseptica

45
Q

Animal and human pathogen, causes Undulant fever, Bangs disease, Gibraltar disease, Mediterranean fever, and animal abortion

A

Brucella spp.

46
Q

Transmission for Brucella spp.

A

Ingestion of unpasteurized milk/cheese, inhalation through animal carcasses, needle-stick/skin abrasions, common lab-acquired infection through aerosols

47
Q

Thionine inhibition test result for Brucella spp. (Inhibited by thionine)

A

B. abortus

48
Q

Fuchsin inhibition test result for Brucella spp. (Inhibited by fuchsin)

A

B. suis and B. canis

49
Q

Negative for thionine and fuchsin inhibition tests

A

B. melitensis

50
Q

Rapid urease test result for Brucella spp.

51
Q

Appearance in Gram stain for Brucella spp.

A

Sand appearance (very small)

52
Q

Specimen type for Brucella spp.

A

Blood, bone marrow, tissues

53
Q

Media used for culture for Brucella spp.

A

Castañeda broth, W (Wisconsin) medium

54
Q

Growth requirements for Brucella spp.

A

Obligate aerobe, capnophilic, fastidious

55
Q

Diagnostic test for Brucella spp.

A

Serum agglutination test

56
Q

Deerfly fever, Rabbit fever

A

Francisella tularensis

57
Q

Media required by Francisella tularensis

A

Cysteine & Cystine, Forshay skin test, Glucose Cysteine Blood agar, Peptone Cysteine agar

58
Q

Condition caused by Pasteurella multocida

A

Cat-Bite fever

59
Q

Characteristics of Pasteurella multocida

A

Oxidase, Catalase, Glucose, Indole +; Mushroom odor

60
Q

Organism causing Cat-Scratch disease

A

Bartonella henselae

61
Q

Causative agent of Cat-Scratch disease

A

Alfipia felis

62
Q

Organism with gliding motility and fusiform-shaped Gram-negative

A

Capnocytophaga spp.

63
Q

Conditions caused by Capnocytophaga spp.

A

Dog-bite infection, Periodontal disease

64
Q

Organism causing Rat-Bite fever with helix-shaped appearance

A

Spirillum minor/minus

65
Q

Vector for Oroya fever, Verruga peruana, Carrion’s disease

66
Q

Appearance of Streptobacillus moniliformis in broth

A

Breadcrumbs and fluff balls appearance

67
Q

Appearance of Streptobacillus moniliformis on agar

A

Fried egg appearance with dark center and lacy edges

68
Q

Diagnostic test for Streptobacillus moniliformis

A

Dienes stain for Microscopy

69
Q

Causative agent of Haverhill fever

A

Streptobacillus moniliformis

70
Q

Diagnostic test for Legionella pneumophila

A

DFA to detect antigens in urine, respiratory samples, & tissues

71
Q

Diseases caused by Legionella pneumophila

A

Broadstreet pneumonia (Legionnaire’s disease), Pontiac fever (no pneumonia)

72
Q

Whiff/Sniff test result for Gardnerella vaginalis

A

Fishy-amine odor

73
Q

Characteristics of Gardnerella vaginalis

A

Gram-variable or gram-negative coccobacilli, Catalase neg, Oxidase neg, Inhibited by SPS, Hippurate positive, HBT agar

74
Q

Condition caused by Gardnerella vaginalis

A

Bacterial vaginosis

75
Q

Test confirming Gardnerella vaginalis infection

A

Nugent scoring system: Clue cells

76
Q

Test for Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection

A

HEMADSORPTION (using guinea pig RBC) from Edward Hayflick’s medium

77
Q

Media for Mycoplasma pneumoniae culture

A

SP4 media with GLUCOSE or NYC agar

78
Q

Diseases caused by Mycoplasma pneumonia

A

Primary Atypical Pneumonia, Walking pneumonia, Pleuropneumonia-like organism (PPLO), Stevens-Johnson syndrome

79
Q

Appearance of Mycoplasma hominis colonies

A

Mulberry/Fried egg colonies, embedded in media

80
Q

Media for Mycoplasma hominis culture

A

SP4 media with ARGININE

81
Q

Conditions caused by Mycoplasma hominis

A

Post-abortal, post-partum fever; HIV-associated cervicitis

82
Q

Metabolic characteristics of Mycoplasma genitalium

A

Glucose metabolism Positive, Arginine metabolism and Urease Negative

83
Q

Conditions caused by Mycoplasma genitalium

A

NGU, PID, Prostatitis, Infertility, Sexually acquired arthritis, Enhances HIV transmission

84
Q

Media for Ureaplasma urealyticum culture

A

SP4 media with UREA or NYC agar

85
Q

Condition caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum

A

Urethritis (NGU), neonatal infection

BACTERIOLOGY (49 decks)

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