Biosafety level

Question 1

Air flows in through HEPA to the outside or into the room through HEPA; possible contamination

Answer 1

BSC I

Question 2

No air recirculation; total exhaust to the outside; possible contamination

Answer 2

BSC I B2

Question 3

Exhaust air inside room with air recirculation; vertical laminar flow in sheets. Recommended types: IIA or IIB in schools/hospitals.

Answer 3

BSC II (General)

Question 4

70% air recirculated; 30% air exhausted.

Answer 4

BSC II A1

Question 5

Same as II A1 but with 100 LFM (linear feet per minute).

Answer 5

BSC II A2

Question 6

70% air exhausted; 30% recirculated; exhaust air outside the building; suitable for radioisotopes, carcinogens, and toxic chemicals.

Answer 6

BSC II B1

Question 7

Supply and exhaust air through HEPA; closed cabinet for BSL-4 research facilities.

Answer 7

BSC III

Question 8

Ensure 3 feet of clearance around the BSC during operation for proper air circulation.

Answer 8

BSC Operation Requirements

Question 9

Should be done after installation, if repositioned more than 18 inches, annually, or as indicated by risk assessment.

Answer 9

BSC Certification

Question 10

Wear PPE → Adsorb with paper towel → Neutralize with disinfectant (10% bleach) → Dispose in yellow bag.

Answer 10

Spillage Procedure

Question 11

Minimal risk, rarely causing disease

Answer 11

BSL-I

Question 12

BSL-I representative organisms

Answer 12

Mycobacterium gordonae, Bacillus subtilis, Naegleria gruberi.

Question 13

BSL-I safety practices

Answer 13

None, GLP, Handwashing, Limited Lab access, Decontamination, No or Low procedure, Individual & Community risk.

Question 14

Moderate risk, can cause disease but rarely severe, with available treatment or prevention

Answer 14

BSL-II

Question 15

BSL-II representative organisms

Answer 15

Broad spectrum, Common human pathogens: Salmonella, HIV, HBV, Influenza, Toxoplasma, F. tularensis, Prions.

Question 16

BSC II safety practices

Answer 16

AFB without culture and for non-aerosolizing procedures, BSC-2, PPE, GLP, Proper Waste management, Pest management, Eye wash station, Same as above, Biohazard symbol on entrance, Immunization, Personnel training, Biosafety manual, Incident/Exposure procedures.

Question 17

High risk, causes serious/deadly disease; treatment or prevention may or may not be available. Aerosol-generating manipulations of high concentrations of respiratory agents.

Answer 17

BSL-III

Question 18

BSL-III representative organisms

Answer 18

Indigenous or exotic organisms: Mold stages of systemic fungi, St. Louis encephalitis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Chlamydophila psittaci, Coxiella burnetii, toxins of Clostridium, cultures of F. tularensis, Yersinia pestis.

Question 19

BSL-III safety practices

Answer 19

Same as BSL-II, all equipment enclosed for laboratory manipulations (e.g., gas-tight chamber), solid-front or wrap-around PPE, scrub suits or coveralls not removed from the lab, negative pressure room airflow, access limited using anteroom, routine serum testing for seroconversion.

Question 20

Extreme risk, causes serious/deadly disease; treatment or prevention is usually not available.

Answer 20

BSL-IV

Question 21

BSL-IV representative organisms

Answer 21

Ebola, Lassa, Hemorrhagic fever viruses (Marburg, Congo-Crimean).

Question 22

BSL-IV safety practices

Answer 22

Same as BSL-III, with specialized ventilation systems, laboratory in a separate building, items processed through fumigation chamber or airlock system, showering or chemical treatment of personnel, log of personnel/items entering and exiting, complex waste management.

Question 23

Isolation technique for MDR bacteria, meningococcemia, sepsis

Answer 23

Strict; requires gown, mask, gloves.

Question 24

Isolation technique for cancer, HIV, AIDS, burn patients

Answer 24

Protective/Reverse; requires gown, mask, gloves.

Question 25

Isolation technique for Respiratory Tuberculosis, Brucella, Coxiella

Answer 25

Mask/Respirator.

Question 26

Isolation technique for Enteric Salmonella, Giardia, Cryptosporidium

Answer 26

Gloves.

Question 27

Droplet precautions for Pertussis, Influenza, Neisseria meningitidis and other bacterial meningitis, Coxsackie, RSV, Mumps, Rubella;

Answer 27

requires fluid-resistant mask and eye protection

Question 28

Airborne precautions for Chickenpox, Shingles, Measles, Tuberculosis, SARS, Avian influenza (H5-H10)

Answer 28

requires N95 respirator, negative pressure, fluid-resistant mask, and eye protection.