Pulmonary: 9.3: Pulm. Infections

Question 1

Who gets PNA causes by Klebsiella?

Answer 1

• malnourished or debilitated pts, ie:
  
  • nursing home pts
  • alcoholics
  • diabetics

Question 2

This is the CT of the alveolar air sac.

Answer 2

the interstitium of the lung

Question 3

Ddx?

• caseating granulomas

Answer 3

• fungal infection
• TB

Question 4

In general, what usually causes interstitial PNA?

Answer 4

viruses

Question 5

What is a Ghon complex?

Answer 5

a subpleural area (nodule) of fibrosis and calcification indicating primary TB

Question 6

What is the most common cause of atypical PNA in infants?

Answer 6

RSV

Question 7

Dx?

• young adult
• s/s of atypical PNA
• NOT Mycoplasma

Answer 7

Chlamydia pneumoniae

Question 8

Name 4 common places that TB spreads to within the body and what it will cause there.

Answer 8

1. meninges (granulomas, meningitis @ base of the brain)
2. cervical lymph nodes
3. kidney (sterile pyuria)
4. lumbar vertebrae (Pott disease)

Question 9

What are the 2 most common causes of lobar PNA?

Answer 9

1. strep. pneumo
2. Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 10

This is a blistering skin disorder commonly caused by Mycoplasma pneumonia that looks like targets with multiple rings and dusky center.

Answer 10

erythema multiforme

Question 11

What is the interstitium of the lung?

Answer 11

the CT of the alveolar air sac

Question 12

What is the most common cause of atypical PNA in farmers/veterinarians and will present with a high fever?

Answer 12

Coxiella burnetii (Q fever)

Question 13

What causes bronchopneumonia?

Answer 13

• bacteria:
  
  • staph. aureus
  • H. influenzae
  • Pseudomonas
  • Moraxella catarrhalis
  • Legionella

Question 14

What is the most common cause of atypical PNA in post-transplant immunosuppressed pts?

Answer 14

CMV

Question 15

This is pus in the pleural space.

Answer 15

an empyema

Question 16

What is the most common cause of atypical PNA? Who gets it?

Answer 16

• Mycoplasma pneumonia
• young people, military recruits, college students

Question 17

Name the 2 main mediators of pain.

Answer 17

• PGE2
• bradykinin

Question 18

How does someone get lobar PNA from Klebsiella?

Answer 18

aspiration

Question 19

These are common causes of 2a PNA superimposed upon COPD.

Answer 19

• H. influenza
• Moraxella catarrhalis
• Legionella

Question 20

Dx?

• PNA cultures showing Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, and Peptococcus

Answer 20

aspiration PNA

Question 21

What is erythema multiforme?

Answer 21

• a blistering skin disorder commonly caused by Mycoplasma pneumonia
  
  • looks like targets with multiple rings and dusky center

Question 22

What is another name for interstitial PNA?

Answer 22

atypical PNA

Question 23

What is the most common cause of atypical PNA in the elderly?

Answer 23

influenza virus

Question 24

Name 2 complications of atypical PNA caused by Mycoplasma pneumonia.

Answer 24

1. autoimmune hemolytic anemia
2. erythema multiforme

Question 25

What is autoimmune hemolytic anemia?

Answer 25

IgM against I antigen on RBCs –> cold hemolytic anemia

Question 26

This is a subpleural area (nodule) of fibrosis and calcification indicating primary TB.

Answer 26

a Ghon complex

Question 27

“Currant jelly” gelatinous sputum = ?

Answer 27

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 28

PNA is an infection of the ______.

Answer 28

lung parenchyma

Question 29

What is pleuritic chest pain? What molecules mediate it?

Answer 29

• chest pain that arises upon inspiration bc the pleura is stretched
• PGE2 and bradykinin

Question 30

What is an empyema?

Answer 30

pus in the pleural space