Pulmonary: 9.3: Pulm. Infections Flashcards
Who gets PNA causes by Klebsiella?
- malnourished or debilitated pts, ie:
- nursing home pts
- alcoholics
- diabetics
This is the CT of the alveolar air sac.
the interstitium of the lung
Ddx?
- caseating granulomas
- fungal infection
- TB
In general, what usually causes interstitial PNA?
viruses
What is a Ghon complex?
a subpleural area (nodule) of fibrosis and calcification indicating primary TB
What is the most common cause of atypical PNA in infants?
RSV
Dx?
- young adult
- s/s of atypical PNA
- NOT Mycoplasma
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Name 4 common places that TB spreads to within the body and what it will cause there.
- meninges (granulomas, meningitis @ base of the brain)
- cervical lymph nodes
- kidney (sterile pyuria)
- lumbar vertebrae (Pott disease)
What are the 2 most common causes of lobar PNA?
- strep. pneumo
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
This is a blistering skin disorder commonly caused by Mycoplasma pneumonia that looks like targets with multiple rings and dusky center.
erythema multiforme
What is the interstitium of the lung?
the CT of the alveolar air sac
What is the most common cause of atypical PNA in farmers/veterinarians and will present with a high fever?
Coxiella burnetii (Q fever)
What causes bronchopneumonia?
- bacteria:
- staph. aureus
- H. influenzae
- Pseudomonas
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Legionella
What is the most common cause of atypical PNA in post-transplant immunosuppressed pts?
CMV
This is pus in the pleural space.
an empyema
What is the most common cause of atypical PNA? Who gets it?
- Mycoplasma pneumonia
- young people, military recruits, college students
Name the 2 main mediators of pain.
- PGE2
- bradykinin
How does someone get lobar PNA from Klebsiella?
aspiration
These are common causes of 2a PNA superimposed upon COPD.
- H. influenza
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Legionella
Dx?
- PNA cultures showing Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, and Peptococcus
aspiration PNA
What is erythema multiforme?
- a blistering skin disorder commonly caused by Mycoplasma pneumonia
- looks like targets with multiple rings and dusky center
What is another name for interstitial PNA?
atypical PNA
What is the most common cause of atypical PNA in the elderly?
influenza virus
Name 2 complications of atypical PNA caused by Mycoplasma pneumonia.
- autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- erythema multiforme
What is autoimmune hemolytic anemia?
IgM against I antigen on RBCs –> cold hemolytic anemia
This is a subpleural area (nodule) of fibrosis and calcification indicating primary TB.
a Ghon complex
“Currant jelly” gelatinous sputum = ?
Klebsiella pneumoniae
PNA is an infection of the ______.
lung parenchyma
What is pleuritic chest pain? What molecules mediate it?
- chest pain that arises upon inspiration bc the pleura is stretched
- PGE2 and bradykinin
What is an empyema?
pus in the pleural space
