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Pathoma LAH > Female Repro: 13.1: Vulva 13.2: Vagina > Flashcards

Female Repro: 13.1: Vulva 13.2: Vagina Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of cell lines the external female genitalia?

A

squamous epi

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2
Q

What causes a condyloma?

A

HPV 6 or 11

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3
Q

What characterizes a condyloma?

A

koilocytic change

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4
Q

What is koilocytic change on histology?

A

a crinkled, raisin-looking nucleus

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5
Q

What kind of genetic material does HPV have?

A

DNA

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6
Q

Name the high risk HPV serotypes.

A

16, 18, 31, 33

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7
Q

What is lichen sclerosis?

A

thinning of the epidermis and fibrosis of the dermis

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8
Q

“Leukoplakia with parchment-like vulvar skin”

A

lichen sclerosis

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9
Q

Who gets lichen sclerosis? What is the prognosis?

A

postmenopausal women; it’s benign but can be assoc. with squamous cell CA

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10
Q

What is lichen simplex chronicus?

A

hyperplasia of vulvar squamous epi

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11
Q

What is the difference btw lichen sclerosis and lichen simplex chronicus?

A

lichen simplex chronicus = thickened from chronic irritation; NO risk of SCC.

lichen sclerosis = thin epidermis from atrophy; risk of SCC

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12
Q

What causes lichen simplex chronicus?

A

chronic irritation and scratching

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13
Q

What is the prognosis for lichen simplex chronicus?

A

benign; NO risk of SCC

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14
Q

From what cell does vulvar carcinoma arise?

A

squamous epithelium

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15
Q

Name the 2 pathways that vulvar carcinoma can be initiated from.

A
  1. HPV –> vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia

2. non-HPV related from long-standing lichen sclerosis (women > 70yo)

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16
Q

What is extramammary Paget disease?

A

malignant epi cell in the epidermis of the vulva

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17
Q

How does extramammary Paget disease present?

A

itchy, red, ulcerated skin

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18
Q

What are the path staining findings in extramammary Paget disease?

A

PAS +, keratin +, and S100-

19
Q

What are the path staining findings in melanoma?

A

PAS-, keratin-, and S100+

20
Q

What is the intermediate filament in epi cells?

A

keratin

21
Q

Keratin+ in malignancy = ?

A

carcinoma

22
Q

S100+ in malignancy = ?

A

melanoma

23
Q

If a malignancy is producing mucous (PAS+), it must be ____.

A

carcinoma

24
Q

What kind of cell lines the vagina?

A

squamous epi

25
Q

What is vaginal adenosis?

A

focal persistence of columnar epi in the upper 1/3 of the vagina

26
Q

What increases the risk of vaginal adenosis?

A

DES exposure in utero

27
Q

The lower 2/3 of the vaginal is derived from the ____.

A

urogenital sinus

28
Q

The upper 1/3 of the vagina is derived from the ____.

A

Mullerian duct

29
Q

Adenosis increases the risk of _____.

A

clear cell adenocarcinoma

30
Q

What is clear cell adenocarcinoma?

A

malignant proliferation of glands with clear cytoplasm

31
Q

What is an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma?

A

malignant mesenchymal proliferation of immature skeletal muscle in the vagina

32
Q

How does an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma present?

A

a grape-like mass protruding from the vagina or penis of a child

33
Q

PAS +, keratin +, and S100-

A

extramammary Paget disease

34
Q

This is a malignant proliferation of glands with clear cytoplasm in the vagina.

A

clear cell adenocarcinoma

35
Q

This is a malignant mesenchymal proliferation of immature skeletal muscle in the vagina or penis.

A

embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma

36
Q

What are the path. findings in a rhabdomyoblast?

A

cytoplasmic cross-striations with positive IHC staining for desmin and myoglobin

37
Q

This is a grape-like mass protruding from the vagina or penis of a child.

A

embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma

38
Q

Where is desmin found?

A

in skeletal muscle

39
Q

What causes vaginal carcinoma?

A

high risk HPV

40
Q

Dx given these path findings? cytoplasmic cross-striations with positive IHC staining for desmin and myoglobin

A

rhabdomyoblast (embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma)

41
Q

What is vaginal carcinoma?

A

carcinoma of the squamous epi lining the vagina

42
Q

What is the precursor lesion for vaginal carcinoma?

A

vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN)

43
Q

Cancer from the lower 2/3 of the vagina goes to the ____ lymph nodes.

A

inguinal

44
Q

Cancer from the upper 1/3 of the vagina goes to the ____ lymph nodes.

A

regional iliac

Pathoma LAH (77 decks)

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