Pulmonary: 9.7: RDS Flashcards
How does ARDS present?
- hypoxemia
- cyanosis
- respiratory distress
This is respiratory distress due to inadequate surfactant levels.
neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
What is the key component of surfactant?
lessafin/phosphatidylcholine
What is the problem with formation of hyaline membranes?
- thickened diffusion membrane —> hypoxemia/cyanosis2. increased surface tension –> collapse
Name a complication of ARDS recovery.
interstitial fibrosis
What are the xray findings in neonatal RDS?
diffuse granularity of the lung
What does ARDS stand for?
acute respiratory distress syndrome
How do pts with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome present?
- increased work of breathing
- tachypnea
- use of accessory muscles
- grunting cyanosis
Why are free radicals bad in neonates?
they can travel to the retina and cause blindness, or it can damage the lung to cause bronchopulmonary dysplasia
This type of cells act as the lung stem cell and produces surfactant.
type II pneumocyte
How does maternal diabetes cause neonatal RDS?
Insulin is an inhibitor of surfactant production. Increased sugars causes pancreas to produce more insulin in baby.
In ARDS, activation of neutrophils induces protease-mediated and free-radical damage of ______.
type I and II pneumocytes
How is adequacy of surfactant screened before birth?
the L:S ratio
What is the tx for ARDS?
treat the underlying condition:
- ventilation with positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP)
What are the 2 functions of type II pneumocytes?
- act as the lung stem cell
- to produce surfactant