PSY 538 Quiz 3

Question 1

What does the term “environment” presumable mean

Answer 1

Any event in the universe capable of affecting the organism

Question 2

We need not suppose that events that take place within an organism’s skin have special properties for that reason (a small part of the universe if private).
- A private event can be distinguished by its limited accessibility but not by any special structure or nature.

Answer 2

What do we need not suppose and how may a private event be distinguished or not?

Question 3

example, it may establish a verbal response to an aching tooth by presenting or withholding reinforcement according to a special condition of the tooth which almost certainly accompanies the private event or according to violent collateral responses such as holding the jaw.

Answer 3

How the verbal community resorts to public accompaniments or collateral of the private event

Question 4

What is the third possibility of how the verbal community resorts to public accompaniments or collateral responses of the private event

Answer 4

The third possibility is common properties

Question 5

What are the two types of internal stimulation it is customary to distinguish between (and a third type of external stimulation)

Answer 5

Interoceptive- Arises in the digestive, repertory and circulatory systems. Principle stimuli for feeling and emotion.

• Proprioceptive- the position and movement of the body in space and the parts of the body with respect to other parts.
• The third is exteroceptive- the surrounding environment

Question 6

How can verbal behavior occur at the covert level?

Answer 6

because it does not require the presence of a particular physical environment for its execution

Question 7

What are the two major possibilities (corresponding to the distinction between respondent and operant conditioning) to explain responses when there are no stimuli present?

Answer 7

Conditioned seeing- A man may see or hear “stimuli which are not present” on the pattern of the conditioned reflex: he may see X, not only when X is present, but when any stimulus which has frequently accompanied X is present.
- Operant Seeing- This may be nothing more than the behavior of looking at X, which the individual may engage in at every opportunity or for long periods of time. E.g. four leaf clover.

Question 8

A man may see or hear “stimuli which are not present” on what pattern

Answer 8

The conditional reflex pattern

Question 9

The explanation with the fewest assumptions

Answer 9

Occam’s razor