Psy 421 Ch. 1

Question 1

Features that contribute to survival are “selected” by the environment.

The tendency for characteristics that contribute to the survival of a species to persist and for those that do not to disappear. P

Answer 1

Natural selection

Charles Darwin, 1859

Question 2

Any change in a gene. When the modified gene occurs in a reproductive cell, the mutation may be passed on to offspring.

Answer 2

Mutation

Question 3

A relationship between a specific event and a simple, involuntary response to that event. The term usually refers to…

Answer 3

Reflex

Question 4

An increase in the intensity or probability of a reflex response resulting from earlier exposure to a stimulus that elicits that response.

Answer 4

Sensitization

Question 5

A decrease in the intensity or probability of a reflex response resulting from repeated exposure to a stimulus that elicits that response

Answer 5

Habituation

Question 6

A series of interrelated acts found in all or nearly all members of a species. also called fixed action pattern, species-specific behavior or species typical behavior; formally called instincts. They have a strong genetic component.

Answer 6

Modal-action patterns MAP.

Question 7

They have a strong genetic basis; display relatively little variability from individual to individual or from day to day in the same individual; and often are reliably elicited by a particular kind of event.

Answer 7

How reflex and MAPS are similar

Question 8

MAPS are different from reflexes in that they involve the entire organism rather than a few muscles or glands; are more complex, often consisting of long series of reflexlike acts; and are more variable, though still rather stereotypic.

Answer 8

How MAPS and reflexes are different.

Question 9

Any stimulus that reliably elicits a fixed action pattern. E.g. The color red for the stickleback fish

Answer 9

Releaser, releasing stimulus.

Question 10

Any general behavior tendency that is strongly influenced by genes.

Answer 10

General behavior traits

Question 11

A change in behavior due to experience.

Answer 11

Learning

Question 12

Anything am organism does that can be measured.

Answer 12

Behavior.

Question 13

Any event that affects behavior.

Answer 13

Stimuli

Question 14

Learning does not give the the species the tendency to behavior a certain way in a new situation; rather it gives the individual the tendency to modify its behavior to suit that situation.

Answer 14

Learning is evolved modifiability.