Autism- Ch. 12 Video-based instruction Flashcards
What is the rationale for using video-based instruction?
a. Observational learning is a basic learning mechanism that has broad applicability to teaching new skills.
b. Visual supports are especially effective with children with autism, because the visual perception abilities are often seen as an area of strength.
What is observational learning?
The ability to learn new responses by observing the behavior of others.
Observational technique in which the child observes and imitates the targeted skill performed by an adult or peer in real time.
In vivo modeling
observational technique in which the child views still photographs of the targeted skill in a single picture or sequence of pictures.
Static-picture prompting
watching an adult, peer, or sibling, engaging in target behaviors on a video.
video modeling
indicates that the target child serves as the model and views herself or himself performing the targeted behavior accurately and independently.
video self modeling
the procedure of recording behavior and conducting a guided- or self-evaluation while reviewing the footage; this includes positive and negative examples or components of behaviors being learned.
video feedback
What are some limitations with in vivo modeling? What is one solution that they propose?
a. It can require intense training for the models.
b. A solution would be to give the models a video model to follow.
What is the rationale for using video self-modeling?
If one is to maximize similarity between the model and the observer, then one should consider using self-as-a-model
Video self-modeling can be classified into three types. Describe each?
a. Positive self-review: individuals viewing themselves successfully engaging in a behavior or activity.
b. Video feed-forward: used when individuals already possess the necessary skills in their behavioral repertoire but may not be able to put these skills together to complete an activity.
c. Video feedback: includes viewing positive and negative exemplars of behavior.
What did studies that compared peer models, adult models, and sibling models find? What was one limitation in reaching a definitive conclusion based on these results?
a. No consistent differences based on model type
b. Cost- and time-effectiveness of using the child with autism as a model was a not efficient.
-Christy et al. (2000) compared video modeling with in vivo modeling. Which resulted in faster acquisition? Based on these results, which was more cost efficient?
a. VM is superior when teaching 7- to 11-year-old children with autism.
b. The VM procedure was more cost and time effective.
- What are some factors that predict which skills are amenable to video instruction?
a. Skill selection may be restricted based on what behaviors can be efficiently and effectively depicted on videotape.
b. The functioning level of the child in relation to targeted skills must be considered.
c. Differences in intervention effects are likely to relate to whether one is teaching new skills, modifying skills in the individual’s repertoire, increasing skill fluency, or reducing undesirable behaviors.
- In summary, video instructions have been shown to be effective in teaching a variety of skills. However, only a few studies demonstrated effective ________________ . The least number of sessions were required to learn _________________ and ______________ ________________ skills and the most sessions were required to teach ______________________ skills.
a. Generalization
b. Motor and self-help
c. language
