Autism- Ch 17 Flashcards
What does a comprehensive approach to reducing problem behaviors consist of?
Combines preventative interventions with reinforcement for appropriate behavior.
When antecedent manipulation methods are used to reduce problem behaviors, they are sometimes ineffective. Why may this be the case?
- Challenging bxs may persist despite well-crafted prevention strategies.
- Antecedent and setting events associated with problem bx may be difficult to specify.
What are some considerations to keep in mind when using positive reinforcement to reduce problem behaviors?
- Challenging behavior often serves a function.
- Interventions that use positive reinforcement are best when combined with extinction.
- Positive reinforcement relies on providing something desirable.
When is reinforcement delivered in a DRO procedure?
When the target behavior is absent during a specific period of time.
What are some considerations when selecting the length of the DRO interval? What is the best method?
Can be calculated based on current rates of challenging bx. Determining the inter-response time.
What’s the difference between “fixed-interval DRO” and “variable interval DRO?”
Fixed: each interval is equivalent length.
Variable: each interval is an average length.
What is momentary DRO? (p. 418)
Reinforce the zero rate of challenging behavior only at a specific moment, rather than throughout the entire interval.
What are the two limitations of DRO that are listed?
- Reinforcement is provided only for nonoccurrence of a designated target behavior, regardless of whether the child engages in other inappropriate behavior.
- Reinforcement is provided on a schedule determined by someone other than the recipient of the reinforcement.
What does a “functionally equivalent replacement behavior” refer to?
An alternative behavior that is matched to the function of the challenging behavior.
When is DRL useful?
When a behavior occurs at high rates but it is not beneficial to eliminate it entirely.
Describe what spaced responding DRL is.
A behavior is reinforced only when a specified interval of time has passed since the prior occurrence of the behavior.
Describe what full-session DRL is.
Reinforcement is delivered at the end of a session, such as a 40 min math period, if the total number of responses during the session is equal or less than a preset limit.
Describe interval DRL and why it is better than full-session DRL.
Same as full session DRL except the session is divided into smaller time segments and Sr+ is provided at the end of each interval.
More useful for behavior that occurs at very high rates and the client needs frequent feedback. Motivation is decreases during full session if responses exceed limit.
