Autism Ch. 7

Question 1

Stimulus Generalization

Answer 1

Whenever a response to a given feature in the environment is reinforced, the capacity for other features to influence the same response is increased.

Question 2

If an individual responds one way when shown a marker (“it’s a marker”) and a different way when shown a car (“it’s a car”), this is an instance of_____________.

Answer 2

Discrimination

Question 3

If an individual responds one way when shown a marker (“it’s a marker”) and a the same way when shown a car (“it’s a marker”), this is an instance of_____________.

Answer 3

Stimulus dimension

Question 4

If there is poor generalization than, there must be good___________.

Answer 4

Discrimination

Question 5

If there is good generalization, where the child responds to an array of stimuli the same way (e.g., calling red, blue, green, and yellow “red”), what is one way to counteract that?

Answer 5

Differential reinforcement

Question 6

Selective imitation

Answer 6

When some features of the model’s response is imitated

Question 7

What is delayed imitation

Answer 7

Imitation after a period of time elapses.

Question 8

Generalized imitation (generalized trying)

Answer 8

when a child watches or listens closely to what other children or adults say or do and then imitate some or all features of what they said

Question 9

Difference between rule-governed behavior and contingency-shaped behavior

Answer 9

a. Rule-governed behavior: Rules and the responses they influence.
b. Contingency-shaped behavior: When the individual comes in contact with the reinforcing or punishing stimulus.

Question 10

Shaping

Answer 10

Reinforcement of successive approximations toward a goal behavior

Question 11

fluency

Answer 11

The fluid combination of accuracy plus speed that characterizes competent performance.