PIMGRK2 - LESSON 22 Flashcards

1
Q

I’m looking for the Astera Hotel.

A

Ψάχνω το ξενοδοχείο Αστέρα.

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2
Q

Can I help you sir?
(polite bit = ‘perhaps’)

A

Μήπως μπορώ να σας βοηθήσω κύριε?

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3
Q

I don’t have the address.

A

Δεν έχω τη διεύθυνση.

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4
Q

Go straight ahead then right.

A

Πάτε ευθεία και μετά δεξιά.

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5
Q

It’s not far, maybe five minutes.

A

Δεν είναι μακριά, ίσως πέντε λεπτά.

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6
Q

I need to go to the post office because I need stamps.

A

Πρέπει να πάω στο ταχυδρομείο γιατί χρειάζομαι γραμματόσημα.

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7
Q

My wife sends a lot of cards to our friends.

A

Η γυναίκα μου στέλνει πολλές κάρτες στους φίλους μας.

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8
Q

Today is a holiday and the post office is closed.

A

Σήμερα είναι αργία και το ταχυδρομείο είναι κλειστό.

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9
Q

My wife needs something from the pharmacy.

A

Η γυναίκα μου χρειάζεται κάτι από το φαρμακείο.

**φαρμακείο is neuter**

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10
Q

There’s a pharmacy on Victory Street.

A

Υπάρχει ένα φαρμακείο στην οδό Νίκης.

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11
Q

Do you know the address?

A

Ξέρετε τη διεύθυνση;

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12
Q

Can you read it?
Yes, I can read it.
(referring to an address, a feminine word in Greek)

A

Μπορείτε να **τη** διαβάσετε;
Ναι, μπορώ να **τη** διαβάσω.

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13
Q

I got an email from my son.

A

Πήρα ένα email από τον γιο μου.

## Footnote

In Greek, the word email is neutral gender, because loanwords, especially those referring to objects or abstract concepts, often default to the neutral gender.

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14
Q

What work do they do?

A

Τι δουλειά κάνουν;

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15
Q

The younger one is a student.
(talking about one of two sons)

A

Ο μικρός είναι φοιτητής.

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16
Q

The older one is a doctor.
(talking about the older of two sons)

A

Ο μεγάλος είναι γιατρός.

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17
Q

Can you give me the phone number of a doctor?
(talking very politely)

A

Μήπως μπορείτε να μου δώσετε το τηλέφωνο ενός γιατρού;

‘ενός γιατρού’ is in the genitive case, meaning ‘of a doctor’.

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18
Q

I can give you the telephone number.

A

Μπορώ να σας δώσω το τηλέφωνο.

NOTE:

The full shebang:

Μπορώ να σας δώσω τον αριθμό τηλεφώνου.

τηλέφωνο is a neuter word, thus το
αριθμóς is a masculine word , thus τον

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19
Q

Can you read it?
(referring to a phone number)
- express in both informal and formal forms -

A

Μπορείς να **το** διαβάσεις;
Μπορείτε να **το** διαβάσετε;

**phone number - τηλέφωνό - is a neuter word**

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20
Q

Can you give me his address?
(very polite formula)

A

Μήπως μπορείτε να μου δώσετε τη διεύθυνσή του;

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21
Q

Can I help you?
(informal and formal)

A

Μπορώ να **σε** βοηθήσω;
Μπορώ να **σας** βοηθήσω;

## Footnote

**NOTE:**

"σε" is a "direct object" marker
"σου" is a "possessive" or "indirect object" marker

22
Q

Ι’m looking for the Old Castle.

A

Ψάχνω το Παλιό Κάστρο.

23
Q

Go along straight ahead and then turn at the first left.

A

Πηγαίνετε ευθεία και μετά **στρίψετε** στον πρώτο αριστερά.

24
Q

It’s not far.

A

Δεν είναι μακριά.

25
Q

Can you help me?
(formal + informal)

A

Μπορείτε να **με** βοηθήσετε;
Μπορείς να με βοηθήσεις;

26
Q

Can you give me
(both formal and informal forms)

A

Μπορείτε να μου δώσετε...
Μπορείς να μου δώσεις…

27
Q

I’m looking for a good restaurant.
(‘restaurant’ in Greek is a neuter word)

A

Ψάχνω ένα καλό εστιατόριο.

28
Q

Excuse me, I’m not from here.

A

Συγγνώμη, δεν είμαι από εδώ.*

29
Q

Turn at the first right.
(formal & polite - not μήπως)

A

Να στρίψετε στον πρώτο δεξιά.

30
Q

The Americans drive slowly.

A

Οι Αμερικανοί οδηγούν σιγά.

31
Q

The Greeks drive fast.

A

Οι Έλληνες οδηγούν γρήγορα.

32
Q

The Greeks drive faster than the Americans.

A

Οι Έλληνες οδηγούν **πιο γρήγορα από** τους Αμερικανούς.

## Footnote

**Chat GPT says:**

In the phrase "τους Αμερικανούς," "Αμερικανούς" is declined in the accusative case.

In Greek, the accusative case is used to indicate the direct object of a verb **or the object of certain prepositions, such as "από" **(from).

**In this sentence, "τους Αμερικανούς" functions as the object of the preposition "από" (from), indicating the comparison "faster than Americans."**

33
Q

the United States

A

οι Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες

NOTE:

πολιτεία is a feminine word
Indeed, the definite article plural for both male and female objects is the same: οι

34
Q

Gasoline is less expensive in the United States.

A

Η βενζίνη είναι λιγότερο ακριβή στις Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες.

NOTE:

In Modern Greek, the word “united” is typically spelled “ενωμένος.” However, to lend prestige to certain objects, it can take the archaic form “ἡνωμένος”.

For instance, the United Kingdom is called, ‘Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο’

This variant comes directly from Ancient Greek, where “ἡνωμένος” is the participle of the verb “ἑνῶ” (to unite).

The use of “Ηνωμένος” in formal expressions, such as “Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες” (United States), reflects this historical and classical influence.

35
Q

The Americans drive more slowly.

A

Οι Αμερικάνοι οδηγούν πιο σιγά.

36
Q

We are united.

A

Είμαστε ενωμένοι.*
(**scroll down for notes**)

## Footnote

**NOTE:**

1. The Greek verb "ενώνομαι" is the **passive form** of "ενώνω" (enóno), and it means "to be united" or "to become one".

2. We have seen, elsewhere, that 'the United States' translates as 'οι Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες' in Greek, and we can now see that the first letter of the adjective 'united' differs in the two examples.

**Here's the explanation for this discrepancy:**

The root adjective "united" in Greek is "ενωμένος" (masculine singular). However, in the context of "the United States," the adjective used is "ηνωμένος," not "ενωμένος." This difference is historical and relates to the etymology and usage of the word in different contexts.

**ενωμένος** comes from the verb "ενώνω" (to unite), and its forms are used in most contemporary settings.

**ηνωμένος** is an older or more formal form that you often see in specific phrases or historical contexts, such as "Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες."

37
Q

He’s a student in Boston.

A

Είναι φοιτητής στη Βοστώνη.

38
Q

I can’t read it.
(referring to a telephone number)

A

Δεν μπορώ να το διαβάσω.

39
Q

Excuse me, I want to go to the post office.

A

Συγγνώμη, θέλω να πάω στο ταχυδρομείο.

40
Q

I need stamps.

A

Χρειάζομαι γραμματόσημα.

41
Q

Can I buy a newspaper?

A

Μπορώ να αγοράσω μια εφημερίδα;

42
Q

an American newspaper

A

μια αμερικανική εφημερίδα

43
Q

I can read Greek.

A

Μπορώ να διαβάσω ελληνικά.

**'να διαβάσω' is a subjunctive form**

44
Q

I’m looking for the restaurant Lihnari*.

*the Greek word means oil lamp.

A

Ψάχνω το εστιατόριο Λυχνάρι.

45
Q

I’m looking for the address of a pharmacy.

A

Ψάχνω τη διεύθυνση **ενός φαρμακείου**.

46
Q

Μy wife needs something from the pharmacy.

A

Η γυναίκα μου χρειάζεται κάτι από το φαρμακείο.

47
Q

There’s a pharmacy not far from here.

A

Υπάρχει ένα φαρμακείο όχι μακριά από εδώ.

48
Q

I think it is open now.
(referring to a pharmacy)

A

Νομίζω ότι είναι ανοιχτό τώρα.

49
Q

I have postcards for the United States.

A

Έχω κάρτες για τις Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες.

50
Q

My wife sends a lot of cards to our friends because Greece is very beautiful.

A

Η γυναίκα μου στέλνει πολλές κάρτες **στους** φίλους **μας** γιατί η Ελλάδα είναι πολλή ωραία.