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Musculoskeletal > Meniscal tears > Flashcards

Meniscal tears Flashcards

1
Q

What are menisci?

A

Menisci are C shaped structures with longitudinal and radial fibres that provide cushioning and support to the knee joint

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of meniscal tear in younger patients?

A

Sporting injury
Rising from a squatting position

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3
Q

What is the most common cause of meniscal tear in older patients?

A

Atraumatic spontaneous degenerate tears

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4
Q

What percentage of knee ligament tears are accompanied by a meniscal tear?

A

50%

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5
Q

How will meniscal tears present?

A

Meniscal tears will cause pain and tenderness, with possible initial inflammation

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6
Q

What is a sign of medial meniscal tear?

A

Medial joint line tenderness

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7
Q

What is a sign of lateral meniscal tear?

A

Lateral joint line tenderness

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8
Q

How will patients present in meniscal tear if a loose meniscal fragment is caught in the knee?

A

Bucket handle tears can cause lowering of the femur, into the knee joint, causing partial locking of the knee joint

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9
Q

How may a bucket-handle meniscal tear present?

A

This will cause lowering of the femur into the knee joint, causing partial locking of the knee joint

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10
Q

What are some clinical signs of meniscal tear?

A

Joint line tenderness
inflammatory effusion
Positive Steinmann’s test (Pain on rotation)

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11
Q

What are the 4 main types of meniscal tear?

A
  • Longitudinal tear
  • Bucket handle tear
  • Radial tear
  • Parrot beak tear
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12
Q

What is the main investigation required in meniscal tear?

A

MRI

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13
Q

Why do the menisci have poor healing potential?

A

Only the peripheral 1/3rd of the meniscus has blood supply

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14
Q

What types of meniscal tear will not heal?

A

Radial tears
Central tears

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15
Q

What types of surgical repair are available?

A

Arthroscopic meniscal tear
Arthroscopic meniscectomy

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16
Q

When is arthroscopic meniscal repair indicated in meniscal tear?

A

Acute, traumatic peripheral meniscal tears in younger patient

17
Q

When is arthroscopic meniscectomy indicated in meniscal tear?

A

Irreparable tears with recurrent pain, effusion or mechanical symptoms that fails to settle

18
Q

What are some mechanical symptoms of meniscal tear?

A

Catching
Clicking
Locking

19
Q

How is acute knee locking due to a bucket-handle meniscal tear managed?

A

This requires urgent surgery, with some early treatments being repair based, and some being irreparable, and thus requiring partial meniscectomy

20
Q
A

Musculoskeletal (123 decks)

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