Kinetic State Theory and Density Flashcards
explain particle arrangement in solids
strong forces of attraction hold the particles close together in fixed regular arrangement.
not enough energy so only vibrate
explain the particle arrangement in liquids
weak forces of attraction
close together can move to form irregular arrangements
kinetic energy more than in solids move in random direction
explain the particle arrangement in gases
no forces of attractions
more kinetic energy so free to move and travel high speeds in random directions
what happens when you heat a liquid
energy is transferred into kinetic energy stores allowing them to move faster eventually overcoming forces of attraction and boil
what happens if your working with a closed system
the mass isn’t affected as particles are being rearranged not changing as no particles can escape or enter
what happens when substance changes state
volume changes as they get further apart in liquid or gas
which solid liquid or gas is more dense
solid because more closely packed`
What do you need to find density
volume and mass
how do you find the density of liquid
using a cylinder
- using mass balance measure the mass empty measuring cylinder
- pour liquid in cylinder and measure mass the difference in mass is the mass of the liquid
- the volume is just the the measuring scale
how do you find the density of a irregular object
- work out mass of object
- fill eureka can with water till reach spout and place the cylinder at spout
- lower object into eureka can and volume dissipated into cylinder = volume of object
- use density = mass / volume
what are some errors u should be aware of
Place the irregular object in the displacement can carefully, as dropping it from a height might cause water to splash which will lead to an incorrect volume reading
