Influences on Behavior (1.5) [HY] Flashcards
1
Q
Acetycholine Effects
A
- Voluntary muscle control
- parasympathetic nervous system
- Attention
- Alertness
- peripheral nervous system (transmit nerve impluse)
- Sympathetic Nervous (ganglia for sweat glands)
- CNS (attention and arousal)
2
Q
Epinephrine (adrenaline) and Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) Effects
A
- Fight-or-flight responses
- Wakefulness
- Alertness
- secreted from the adrenal medulla
- Low levels of norepinephrine are associated with depression; high levels are associated
with anxiety and mania.
3
Q
What are the three catecholamines?
A
Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine
- important for emotions
- Classified as monoamines or biogenic amines
4
Q
Dopamine Effects
A
- Smooth movements
- postural stability
5
Q
Serotonin Effects
A
-Mood
-Sleep
- Eating
- Dreaming
- Too much = Mania
- Too little = Depression
6
Q
GABA and Glycine Effects
A
- Brain “stabilization”
- Produces inhibitory
postsynaptic potentials (hyperpolarizes)
7
Q
Glutamine Effects
A
Brain excitation
8
Q
Endorphin Effects
A
Natural painkillers
9
Q
Glycine Effects
A
- Inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS by increasing Cl influx into the neuron.
- Hyperpolarizes like GABA
10
Q
Glutamate Effects
A
- Neurotransmitter in the CNS
- Excitatory transmitter
11
Q
Neuromodulators (Neuropeptides)
A
- relatively slow and have longer effects on the postsynaptic cell than neurotransmitters
- Endorphins are peptides
12
Q
Hypothalamus and the endocrine and CNS?
A
- links the endocrine and nervous system
- regulates the hormonal function of the pituitary gland.
13
Q
Hypophyseal Portal System
A
- directly connects hypothalamus and pituitary gland
- endocrine releases hormones through this
14
Q
Anterior Pituitary “master”
A
- releases hormones
that regulate activities of endocrine glands elsewhere in the body - Controlled by the hypothalamus
- Hormones travel to endocrine glands and activate them
15
Q
Adrenal Medulla
A
- releases epinephrine and norepinephrine (sympathetic nervous)
