Histroy (Conservatives)

Question 1

The advantages of protectionism?

Answer 1

Income from import duties can be used on social reform. (incoem from import duties could be spent on old-age pensions)
Britain should help boost other british economies to strenghen the empire (encourage more emigration), south africa gold mines were worked on by chinese slaves
unfair competition
Taxes would help update British machinery
Many British compeuitotrs were increasing tarrifs- Britianh should too

Question 2

Disadvantages of protectionism?

Answer 2

Would the money be sued on social reform?
Was the empire strong- costly and cruel Boer War-40% of volunteers unfit for service
Britian was doing fine as a great trading nation
Would farerms beenfit- imperial preference would mean New Zealand lamb entering the country, farmers would lose out
Brtain was alreadya agreat trading nation- protectionsim meant price increases

Question 3

What did Joseph Chamberlin want with the inrtocution of imperial preference and protectionism?

Answer 3

increase taxes on all goods coming from outside Britain (protectionism)
Imperial prefernce- import taxes on goods coming from outside British empire

Question 4

Fre trade was… by people

Answer 4

liked- meant properity and cheap food so imperial preference was risky

Question 5

when did Chamberlian make the speech about protectionism?

Answer 5

may 1903

Question 6

what were the problems for induitry ariound this time?

Answer 6

plant and machienry being outdated
usa and germany stteel production overtaking Britain
Tarrifs on british goods

Question 7

What was the result ont hen Conservative Party?

Answer 7

Divided between those who supported it and those who didn’t
Chamberlain resigned to campaign full-time fior protectionsimj
Churchill deflected to the Liberals (advocates of free trade)

Question 8

What was the public reaction?

Answer 8

Strong oppostin- favourd free trade

Question 9

Balfour’s ompromsiee?

Answer 9

retalistion- governemtn would threaten to introcduce soem taxes on countries that taxed british goods
Double election pledge- if they won the next election they would work out a schem fro imeprial preference but only go through with it if public approved

Question 10

What were Balfour’s reasons for national efficeny?

Answer 10

Balfour- complied with the need obvious after Boer War

Question 11

What was Chamberlain’s for protectionsim?

Answer 11

help decline of British trade

Question 12

Te OCnservatives ahd kept governemt for..?

Answer 12

most of the 1890s and first five years till 1905

Question 13

Why did Conservatives stay in power for 11 years [ 4 reasons]

Answer 13

skillful leader- Lord Salisbury (most of 1890s)
adapted polciies- small single- memebr constuitencies (pockets of middle-class voterra)
widen appeal to middle class working class (Liberals)
change traditonal policies
propoganda professiianl agents

Question 14

Why were the Liberals so divided in 1890s?

Answer 14

• divided abouit aims/pbjectives

- most fiancies gone to COnservtaive Party wityh LIberal Unionists

Question 15

What was the cause of the Boer War?

Answer 15

discovered gold in Traansvaal
Chmaberlain thought Britian had supremacy-needed it
khaki election - 1900- intially popular
slightly reduced majority

Question 16

what was the result of it?

Answer 16

British oppsotion- questioned morality of it
concentration camps- barbaric
40% of men unfit to fight
huighyl trained army agaisnt farmers- incompetance of governement

Question 17

Balfour’s Reforms?

Answer 17

Miliatary reofrm act- reorgansied army, buiklt dreadnoughts

benefits: army needed reorgansiation showed in ww1
problems: too late- against the idea of a great british empire

Question 18

1902 Education Act?

Answer 18

all education was placed under borough councils, rate support for Anglican schools
good: landmark piece of legislaion>future
problems: not appreciated by this goverment- effects not seen yet
non-comformsits didn’t like anglican part

Question 19

1903 Wyndhams Land Purchase Act?

Answer 19

irish tenants could buy back their land at low-interest loans
good:
british landowners to gwet out of invetments wiothout losing face
bad: overshadowed by wyndham’s flirtation of gioving gretaer freedom to Ireland-upset unionists

Question 20

1904 Liscensign Act?

Answer 20

su[premacy pubs/breweries shut down

good: showed torries cared about people
bad: alienated drinkign workers/wasn[t enough for non-comfomriasts

Question 21

1905 Workmen’s Act?

Answer 21

labour exchanges ste up
good:
directly inspired 1909 Labour Exhanges Act
landmark- brekaing of laissez-faire
bad: little credit was ggven to governemtn since it didn;t provide any money-just identified the problem

Question 22

1904 Anglo-French Treaty

Answer 22

treaty- compormsies of land
good:
secured freindship/trust
bad:
more imperial prefernce- hated

Question 23

Why wasn’t Balfiru a good leader?

Answer 23

agaisnt democracy]

wouldn’t listen to public

Question 24

What was Balfour’s insensitiyivity about the chinese slavery affair?

Answer 24

Chinses were being used as slaves in gold mines
Milner wanted to revive african economy-let it
Chamberlain-agianst it but he ahd resigned
Public were furoisu
-slavery whipped and chained up
-against principle of labour
-Boer war- just been fought for gold
-took white jobs
Balfour ignored public reaciton and carried on with it

Question 25

What were balfiur’s other mistakes?

Answer 25

taff Vale- denying worker’s right to strike>LRC beign set up in 1900
Tarriff Reofrm- failed to se it would result in electoal diaster (didn’t duatanc ehimself from Chamberlain and introuced it anyway)
Asquith’s big loaf, little loaf (common man understood)

Question 26

why did Liberals start to reunite?

Answer 26

As COnservtives wer elsojg support- deply divided- Chamebrlain took control of NAtional Union
Liberals unite dovwer pro-free trade, even if divied on Home Rule

Question 27

What dud Bakfiur hope to achive with hsu resignation in Decemebr 1905?

Answer 27

couldn’t conceal the split i the party anymore

hoped presur eon LIberals>crumble>COnserfvatives would be back in power

Question 28

1906 election results?

Answer 28

Conservatives= 133
Liberals=400Labour/Liberal Unionsits= 30
Irish Nationilists= 83

Question 29

Did the Conservatives actually lose votes?

Answer 29

same as in 1900 election

those whi didn’t vote at all beofre were stirred to vote for Liebrals

Question 30

What are the two reaosns people think the Liberlas won the 1906 electiona and why are these wrong?

Answer 30

COnservatives failure- actually their refomrs 1902-05 although not very successfukl showed thye were willing to help
Liberals unity- this liberal aprtrty wasn’t the new liberalsim party- it was traditonal under a traditional elader-no metniton of social reofmr in 1906 election campaign

Question 31

What were the 4 main reaosnf for liberlas winning the 1906 election?

Answer 31

1) Conservatives were taintedby atrocites fo Boer wAr, failure fo imperialism
2) Conservaitves didn’t have diatraciton like Home Rule to attract voter to them
3) Balfour thought Liberlas would crumble under pressure>caused him to resing but they stayed united agisnt tarriff reform with ‘bi laof, little loaf’arhument
4) Liscenign Bill (1904) and education Bill (1902)- upset the non-conformsits>boted for Liberals in 1906

Question 32

When did Boanr LAw withdraw Balfour’s referndum pledge?

Answer 32

Nov 1912

Question 33

Balfour had been more unsure fo tarriff reform than?

Answer 33

chamberlain and Bonar Law