General Anesthetics Flashcards
List all the inhaled anesthetics
N2O halothane enflurane isoflurane desflurane sevoflurane methoxyflurane HIS MED
List all the IV anesthetics
barbituates
propofol
ketamine
etomidate
Define the MAC
concentration that results in IMMOBILITY in 50% of paitents when exposed to a noxious stimulus such as surgical incision
IMMOBILITY MAC
Low MAC = ?
high MAC = ?
low MAC (requires little of the substance to make people not move when they feel pain) = potent` high MAC = low potency
how do you measure the potency of an anesthetic?
liposolubity ie a high oil:gas partition coefficient bc htat means more of it is lovin the fatty oil
Two measurements of potency adn their relationship
increased oil: gas = low MAC = POTENT
blood:gas parittion coefficient measures?
latency to onset
HIGH - later onset
LOW - quicker onset
anesthetics with a large oil:gas have a large blood:gas
yep. thats a thing.
how does ventilation affect arterial tension of anesthetic
if have a low blood:gas then will cause only slight increased in arterial tension
if have a high blood: gas then will cause a sig increase in arterial tension
What determines the ateriovenous concentration gradient?
depents on the uptake at the tissue, and slows down the onset
Elimination for low blood and tissue solubility
mirrors anesthetic: easy transport in and out
elimination for high blood and tissue solubility
depends on duration of anesthetic - bc gotta get ride of all the anesthetic in the blood and tissues that has been shoved in there the whole time
~*~Which inhaled anesthetics cause decreased BP due to affects on myocardium
halothane
enflurane
~*~Which inhaled anesthetisc cause decreasedp BP due to affects of TPR?
isoflurane
desfulrane
sevoflurane
~*~Which inhaled anesthetics are preferred in peopel with heart problems?
isoflurane
desflurane
sevoflurane
bc dont affecy myometrium
Who is pungent?
Isoflurane and Desfluraose
DES Is so pungent
Who is not pungent
halothane
sevoflurane
NO
Most likely to cause respiratoroy depression
isofulrane
enflurane
the vowels cause respiratory depression
Who causes tonic clonic movements
enflurane
hepatotoxicity
halothane
nephrotoxicity
methoxyflurane
causes malignant hypertension
succinylchline and halothane
treat my malignant hypetension
dantrolene
hematotoxicity
N2O - decreases methionine synthase activity = megalblastic anaemia
DENTISTS
what is used for induction fo anesthesia AND short surgical procedures
thiopental
methohexital
ultra short acting barbituates
describe effects of the ultrashort acting barbiturates
decreased ICP
do not produce analgesia
cause hyperalgesia
tell me abotu propofol
antiemetic
induction and maintenenace of analgesia
potent respiratory depression (iso and enflurane)
reduced ICP
causes hypotension via PVR
Who cares abtou Etomidate
used for anesthetic induction at patients at risk of hypotension
minimal cardio and resp
no analgesic
decreases ICP
n/v
inhibit steroidogenesis
decreases plasma hydrocortisone
ketamine
increased ICP
EMERGENCE PHENOMENA: causes sensory and perceptual illusions = treat with diazepam, midazolam, propofol
How do I make neurolept analgesia happen?
with fentanyl - shor acting opiod and droperidol
how do i man neurlept analgesia become anesthesia
fentanyl and droperidol TH`EN add N2P in )2
why would we add in some benzo?
to forget the horrors
no anxiety and anterograde amnesia
what would you give so people donet puke?
oh-danse-etron
what benefits would scopolamine offer?
antimuscarinic ;)
amnesia - forget it all wtih benzos
no salivation no bronchial secretions
protect heart from bradycardia
