8.02 Antibacterials Flashcards
All cephalosporins are considered active against which species? (7)
LAME (A= atypical: chlamydia, mycoplasma)
1) Enterococci,
2) Listeria,
3) Legionella,
4) Chlamydia,
5) Mycoplasma,
6) MRSA
7) Acinetobacter
1st generation cephalosporins are resistant to what?
Staphylococcal Penicillinases
What is the DOC for surgical prophylaxis against gram +
Cephazolin
What is the clinical application of 2nd Generation Cephalosporins?
• Primarily used to treat sinusitis, otitis & lower
respiratory tract infections
prophylaxis & therapy of
abdominal and pelvic cavity infections
Cefotetan & cefoxitin
Ceftriaxone is the DOC for what?
N. Gonorrhea
N. Meningitis (ampicillin resistance H. Influ)
What other uses doe Ceftriaxone have beside Gono and Meningits?
Prophylaxis of meningitis in exposed individuals
Lyme Disease (CNS and joint infection)
Cefoperazone and Ceftazidime together are used to treat what?
P. Aeruginosa
How is Cefipime administered?
IV only
Which organisms does Cefepime target? (6)
1) Hemophilus
2) Niserria
3) E.Coli
4) Pneumococci
5) P.Mirabilis
6) P.Aeruginosa
What does Ceftraline have activity against?
MRSA
How are most Cephalosporins eliminated? Which are the exception and how are they eliminated?
- Kidney
- Ceftriaxone and Cefoperazone (Bile elimination)
Which cephalosporins are exceptions to parenteral administration?
- Cephalexin
- Cefaclor
- Cefixime
Which Cephalosporins contain methyl-thiotetrazole group? (3)
- Cefamandole
- Cefoperazone
- Cefotetan
What adverse effects are caused by Cephalosporins that contain methyl-thiotetrazole group? (2)
- hypoprothrombinemia (Vit. K1 admin can prevent)
* disulfiram-like reactions (avoid alcohol)
