Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Drugs of Abuse > Flashcards

Drugs of Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

Family of Drugs that do not cause addition

A

hallucinogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

concept: Whats going on in the brain to make a substance addictive

A

general rule: all addictive drugs activate the mesolimbic dopamine system (alters behavoiur…something to the cortex that i cant remember **FILL IN WED AM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name that substance.
intial presentaiton: tremor, n/v, sweating, agitation, anxiety –> hallucinations –> 24-48 hours later generalizes seizures —> 48-72 hours delirum tremens :)

A

alcholo withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

~*~Treat your OH addicted patient.

SHARK - flashback

A

Disulfiram - aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor - creates AVERSION

Natrexone - opioid antagonist - decreases CRAVING

Acamprosate - NMDA receptor antagonist - prevents relapse

Topiramide - Glutamate receptor facilitation - may reduced craivns **NOT FDA APPROVED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

~*~Treat your Oh withdrawal patient

A

long acting benzos: diazepam and chlordiazepoxide *new, not in benzo lecture)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

~*~ Treat your elderly or liver failure OH patient

A

lorazepam and oxazepam (error here or in other lecture; this lecture says intermediate acting; benzo lecture says oxazepam is short acting, be careful :) )

bc less dependent on hepatic metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Just a refreshed, which benzodiazepines don’t need to be P450’d at the liver?….. whats the relevance to OH withdrawal treatment?

A

oxazepam
lorazepam
temazepam

since dont get metab by P450 are more gentle on elderly and liver failure :)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

~~Name that drug ER doctor. tremors + anxiety + perceptual disturbances + dysphoria + psychosis + seizures

A

benzodiazepine withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

~*~Which drug(s) produce a withdrawal symptom that can be life threatening?!

A

benzodiazepines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do you treat benzodiazepine withdrawal

A

if on short acting drug –> switched to a long acting drug

usually use DIAZEPAM and gradually taper the dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

SHARK: addiction is rare with what drugs

A

benzodiazepines

caffeine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what schedule number of drug is cocaine classified as?

A

schedule II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name that drug
wellbeing and euphoria
tachycardia, hyperT, mydriasis ***, diaphoresis

A

cocaine intoxication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name that drug: dysphoria, depression, sleepiness, fatigue, craving, bradycardia = generally mild and tx not generally required

A

cocaine withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How to treat cocaine addition?

A

we cant help yet.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Schedule DEA ranking of amphetamies

A

schedule II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

MOA amphetamines

A

1) increase release of catecholamines
2) weak inhibitors of MAO
3) possibly act as direct catecholaminergic agonists @ brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name that drug: increased alertness, decreased fatigue depressed appetite and insomnia + @ high doses - psychosis and convulsions + peripheral adrenergic symptoms

A

amphetamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Treatment for narcolepsy

A

amphetamine and methylphenidate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

SHARK: flashback. What parkinson drug is metabolized to amphetamines and shouldn’t be taken later in the day

A

MAOb inhibitor

  • seleGILINE

:)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Name that drug: increasd appetite, sleepiness, exhaustion, mental depression

A

amphetamine withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe how the rewarding effect of Nicotine comes about

A

full agonist at the nicotine receptor found @ ventral tegmental area on dopamine neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

MOA of nicotine please

A

low dose - ganglionic stimulation

high dose - ganglionc blockade

**midterm I pharm

24
Q

Effects of nicotine @ low dose

A

euphoria and relaxation

improves attention, learning, problem solving, reaction time

25
Q

Effects of nicotine @ high dose

A

central respiratory paralysis, severe hypotension due to medullary paralysis

26
Q

Name that drug: mild withdrawal, irritability and sleeplessness, relapse common, very addictive

A

nicotine withdrawal

27
Q

Treat the nicotine addiction! drug style

SHARK: flashback to antidepressant lecture

A

a) Nicotine replacement thearpy
b) Sustained release Buproprion (from antidepressnat lecture – NDRI; no sexual dysfunction, also second line for anxiety disorders, overdose can cause seizures)
c) varenicline - partial agonist at nicotine receptors in the CNS

28
Q

Varenicline. MOA. Uses.

A

Varenicline - used for nicotine treatment addiction; partial agonist at nicotinic receptors in the CNS

29
Q

I say mydriasis, you think?

A

cocaine intoxication – increaesed NE at the eyeball

30
Q

Name the most commonly abused opioids please.

A

heroin
morphine
codeine
oxycodone

31
Q

Name the most commonly abused opioids in health professionals

A

m-eperidine
f-entanyl

M-edical professional
F-ail

32
Q

Name the drug: strong tolerance and dependence, behavioural disruptions and incompatibility with a productive life

A

opioid addiction

33
Q

Name the drug: not life threatening; dysphoria, lacrimation rhinorrhoea and yawning **

A

opioid withdrawal

34
Q

~*~Describe how you could help a patient in opioid withdrawal

A

replace (usually short acting) abused opiod with a long acting opioid and slowly reduced the dose

METHADONE or BUPRENORPHINE

M-edical professionals
B-etter

35
Q

Clonidine and lofexidine - used for what detoxification and why?

A

opioid withdrawal - chronic opioid - intolerance on teh ANS - rebound firing of neuroms; noradrenergic storm results……

36
Q

Naltrexone effect on detox from opioids

A

only used when paitents have high moticiation bc will not satisfy craving or relieve withdrawal symptoms (naltrexone also used for OH addiction)

37
Q

MOA of Mary-do-you-wanna

A

delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol –> Gi @ CB1 (brain = effects) and CB2 (immune cells)

38
Q

Effects of THC

A

euphoria –> drowsiness and relazation
affects short term memory and mental activity

others: appetite stimulation (amphetamine withdrawal too), xerostomia, visual hallucinations, delusions, enhancement of sensory activty

@ high doses - toxic psychosis (also see this at high doses of amphetamine)

39
Q

Dronabinol = ?

A

therapeutic THC

used @ anorexia with weight loss in AIDs patients AND @ nasuea and vomiting with cancer chemo (second line)

40
Q

To be continued

A

when i get hoem

41
Q

Name the psychedelic agents

A 
LSD
mescaline (LSD like)
psilocybin (LSD like)
phenciclidine
MDMA (ectasy)
42
Q

Affects of psychedelic agents

A

affect thought, perception and mood

DO NOT cause psychomotor stim/depression

43
Q

MOA LSD

A

agonist effects at 5 HT2 receptors in CNS

44
Q

Cxl presentation of LSD

A

combo of somatic and psychomimetic symptosm - usually due to SYMPATHOMIMETIC

  • mydriasis (cocain also)
  • hypertension
  • tacychardia
  • increased body temperature
  • flushing
  • sweating
  • tremors
  • piloerection
45
Q

LSD addiction or withdrawal symndrome

A

not cause addiction

no withdrawal

46
Q

MOA Phencyclidine

A

a dissociative anesthetic AND blocks reuptake of NE and DA and also causes choli and anticholi effects AND action at nicotinic and opoid receptors

47
Q

What causes dissociatve effects of PCP?

A

due to actions of PCp as a NON COMPETITIVE ANTAG at NMDA receptors

48
Q

Name that drug: violent or bizarre behaviour, confusion, mystagmus, tachycardia, hypertension, diaphoresis, miosis, anesthesia, analgesia; appear to be having a psychotic episode, ~~PINPOINT pupils in an AGITATED patient~~

A

phencyclidine intoxication

49
Q

Name that drug: empathpy and intimacy without impairment of intellectual capacities

A

MDMA/ectasy intoxication

50
Q

MOA MDMA/ectasy

A

causes release of biogenic amines; increases concentration fo 5HT (the ‘im in love’ neurotransmitter) the most

51
Q

Name that drug: depression lasting several weeks

A

MDMA/ectasy withdrawal

52
Q

Name that drug: euphoria, analgesia then loss of consciousness

A

nitrous oxide intoxication

53
Q

Name that drug: exhiliration and light headedness

A

volatile organic solvent intoxication - gas, paint thinner, lighter fluid, glue, degreaser

54
Q

COmplications of volatile organic solvent use pelase

A

cancer
cardiotoxicity
neuropathies
hepatotoxicity

55
Q

Are organic nitrites addictive?

A

no

Pharmacology (70 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions